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The Weimar Republic, [d] officially known as the German Reich, [e] was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic.
Weimar Republic hyperinflation from one to a trillion paper marks per gold mark; values on logarithmic scale. A loaf of bread in Berlin that cost around 160 marks at the end of 1922 cost 200,000,000,000 or 200 billion (2×10 11 ) marks by late 1923.
Weimar culture was the emergence of the arts and sciences that happened in Germany during the Weimar Republic, the latter during that part of the interwar period between Germany's defeat in World War I in 1918 and Hitler's rise to power in 1933.
Das Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold: Republikschutz und politische Gewalt in der Weimarer Republik [The Banner Black-Red-Gold: Republican defense and political violence in the Weimar Republic]. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3515124676. Jones, Mark (2018). Founding Weimar: Violence and the German Revolution of 1918–1919. Cambridge: Cambridge ...
The Law for the Protection of the Republic (German: Gesetz zum Schutze der Republik) was the name of two laws of the Weimar Republic that banned organisations opposed to the "constitutional republican form of government" along with their printed matter and meetings. Politically motivated acts of violence such as the assassination of members of ...
The Great Coalition (13 August 1923 – 30 November 1923) was a grand coalition during the Weimar Republic that was made up of the four main pro-democratic parties in the Reichstag: Gustav Stresemann, Reich chancellor during the Great Coalition, in 1926. The Social Democratic Party (SPD), a moderate socialist party
With all the differences concerning details, historical researchers agree that in the German revolution, the chances to put the republic on a firm footing were considerably better than the dangers coming from the radical left. Instead, the alliance of the SPD with the old elites constituted a considerable structural problem for the Weimar Republic.
One of the problems that weighed most heavily on the Weimar Republic's domestic politics was the reparations that the German Reich had to pay under Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles as a result of its defeat in World War I. There were repeated foreign policy disputes between Germany and the victorious powers over the amount of the ...