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Barings Bank was a British merchant bank based in London, and one of England's oldest merchant banks after Berenberg Bank, Barings' close collaborator and German representative. It was founded in 1762 by Francis Baring , a British-born member of the German–British Baring family of merchants and bankers.
The crisis was precipitated by the near insolvency of Barings Bank in London. Barings, led by Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke, faced bankruptcy in November 1890 due mainly to excessive risk-taking on poor investments in Argentina.
Barings LLC, known as Barings, is a global investment management firm owned by Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company . It operates as a subsidiary of MassMutual Financial Group, a diversified financial services organization. [7] As of December 31, 2023 Barings held US$381+ billion in assets under management. [8]
Over the years, Johann Baring, who was later also known as John, built a small fortune as a wool merchant. His sons Francis and John Baring moved to London, where in 1762 they founded the John and Francis Baring Company, commonly known as Barings Bank. Barings Bank became one of the leading London merchant banks, [1] until it
However, the Bank harboured a terrible secret. In the late 19th century Barings almost went bankrupt after investing heavily in South American bonds, including backing the construction of a sewer system in Buenos Aires. The bank was saved by The Bank of England, but Edward Baring, the head of the bank, was financially ruined and never recovered.
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Nicholas William Leeson [2] (born 25 February 1967) is an English former derivatives trader whose fraudulent, unauthorised and speculative trades resulted in the 1995 collapse of Barings Bank, the United Kingdom's second oldest merchant bank. He was convicted of financial crime in a Singapore court and served over four years in Changi Prison.
The start of a new rate-cutting cycle at the Federal Reserve has bank investors hoping for a return to 1995, the year the banking industry began one of its best runs in US history.