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2. Beta distribution - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_distribution

   In probability theory and statistics, the beta distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions defined on the interval [0, 1] or (0, 1) in terms of two positive parameters, denoted by alpha (α) and beta (β), that appear as exponents of the variable and its complement to 1, respectively, and control the shape of the distribution.

3. Multiple comparisons problem - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_comparisons_problem

   A different set of techniques have been developed for "large-scale multiple testing", in which thousands or even greater numbers of tests are performed. For example, in genomics, when using technologies such as microarrays, expression levels of tens of thousands of genes can be measured, and genotypes for millions of genetic markers can be measured

4. Buffon's needle problem - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon's_needle_problem

   We can calculate the probability P as the product of two probabilities: P = P 1 · P 2, where P 1 is the probability that the center of the needle falls close enough to a line for the needle to possibly cross it, and P 2 is the probability that the needle actually crosses the line, given that the center is within reach.

5. Scale parameter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_parameter

   Animation showing the effects of a scale parameter on a probability distribution supported on the positive real line. Effect of a scale parameter over a mixture of two normal probability distributions. If the probability density exists for all values of the complete parameter set, then the density (as a function of the scale parameter only ...

6. Pearson distribution - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson_distribution

   A Pearson density p is defined to be any valid solution to the differential equation (cf. Pearson 1895, p. 381) ′ () + + + + = ()with: =, = = +, =. According to Ord, [3] Pearson devised the underlying form of Equation (1) on the basis of, firstly, the formula for the derivative of the logarithm of the density function of the normal distribution (which gives a linear function) and, secondly ...

7. Scoring rule - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoring_rule

   The quadratic scoring rule is a strictly proper scoring rule (,) = = =where is the probability assigned to the correct answer and is the number of classes.. The Brier score, originally proposed by Glenn W. Brier in 1950, [4] can be obtained by an affine transform from the quadratic scoring rule.

8. Location–scale family - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Location–scale_family

   In other words, a class of probability distributions is a location–scale family if for all cumulative distribution functions and any real numbers and >, the distribution function () = (+) is also a member of .

9. Scale analysis (statistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_analysis_(statistics)

   In statistics, scale analysis is a set of methods to analyze survey data, in which responses to questions are combined to measure a latent variable. These items can ...