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The word liposome derives from two Greek words: lipo ("fat") and soma ("body"); it is so named because its composition is primarily of phospholipid.. Liposomes were first described by British hematologist Alec Douglas Bangham [10] [11] [12] in 1961 at the Babraham Institute, in Cambridge—findings that were published 1964.
A ligand-targeted liposome (LTL) is a nanocarrier with specific ligands attached to its surface to enhance localization for targeted drug delivery. The targeting ability of LTLs enhances cellular localization and uptake of these liposomes for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.
In lipid polymorphism, if the packing ratio [clarification needed] of lipids is greater or less than one, lipid membranes can form two separate hexagonal phases, or nonlamellar phases, in which long, tubular aggregates form according to the environment in which the lipid is introduced.
Cationic liposomes are spherical structures that contain positively charged lipids.Cationic liposomes can vary in size between 40 nm and 500 nm, and they can either have one lipid bilayer (monolamellar) or multiple lipid bilayers (multilamellar). [1]
A liposome extruder is a device that prepares cell membranes, exosomes and also generates nanoscale liposome formulations. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The liposome extruder employs the track-etched membrane to filter huge particles and achieve sterile filtration.
Liposomal medicine research for cancer therapy has increased over the years as an alternative to conventional cancer treatment. [15] There is an interest in liposomal medicine because it features targeted drug delivery while mitigating the damage to healthy cells and tissues. [ 15 ]
Lipofectamine or Lipofectamine 2000 is a common transfection reagent, produced and sold by Invitrogen, used in molecular and cellular biology. [1] It is used to increase the transfection efficiency of RNA (including mRNA and siRNA) or plasmid DNA into in vitro cell cultures by lipofection. [1]
Unilamellar liposomes are used to study biological systems and to mimic cell membranes, and are classified into three groups based on their size: small unilamellar liposomes/vesicles (SUVs) that with a size range of 20–100 nm, large unilamellar liposomes/vesicles (LUVs) with a size range of 100–1000 nm and giant unilamellar liposomes ...