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Side effects may include allergic reactions, headache, vomiting, and conjunctivitis. [4] [1] Long term use may result in trouble sleeping and depression. [4] It should not typically be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. [4] Lugol's iodine is a liquid made up of two parts potassium iodide for every one part elemental iodine in water. [8]
Some patients may experience the texture as a chalky liquid, similar to calcium carbonate containing liquid antacids and with a slight medicinal taste. [12] Some preparations of barium sulfate have added flavors to make them easier to tolerate. In general, the flavor is considered unpleasant, and is dependent on the exact makeup of the drink. [13]
Hypersalivation can contribute to drooling if there is an inability to keep the mouth closed or difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) the excess saliva, which can lead to excessive spitting. Hypersalivation also often precedes emesis (vomiting), where it accompanies nausea (a feeling of needing to vomit).
Vendors also offer pre-thickened liquids such as water, juice, and milk in individual serving sized cartons. Some commercial thickeners use modified maize starch, which helps support hydration and nutritional levels, while others use xanthan gum.
Hydroxyethyl starch (HES/HAES), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy. The use of HES on critically ill patients is associated with an increased risk of death and kidney problems.
Cetylpyridinium chloride is known to cause tooth staining in approximately 3 percent of users. [14] The Crest brand has noted that this staining is actually an indication that the product is working as intended, as the stains are a result of bacteria dying on the teeth. [15]
Glucose syrup on a black surface. Glucose syrup, also known as confectioner's glucose, is a syrup made from the hydrolysis of starch. Glucose is a sugar. Maize (corn) is commonly used as the source of the starch in the US, in which case the syrup is called "corn syrup", but glucose syrup is also made from potatoes and wheat, and less often from barley, rice and cassava.
Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid that is clinically used to relieve the pain and discomfort of mouth ulcers and functions to speed the healing of mouth ulcers. [citation needed] Common side effects include: oral thrush, visual disturbances (e.g. blurry vision), worsening of diabetes, worsening of mouth infections, and allergic reactions (e.g. skin rash).