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A .map accompanies a .ped file and provides information about variants, while .bim and .fam files accompany .bed files as part of the binary dataset. Additionally, PLINK accepts inputs of VCF, BCF, Oxford, and 23andMe files, which are typically extracted into the binary .bed format prior to performing desired analyses. With certain formats such ...
Open-channel SSD. An open-channel solid state drive is a solid-state drive which does not have a firmware Flash Translation Layer implemented on the device, but instead leaves the management of the physical solid-state storage to the computer's operating system. [1][2] The Linux 4.4 kernel is an example of an operating system kernel that ...
Seagate started shipping device-managed SMR hard drives in September 2013, stating an increase in overall capacity of about 25% compared to non-shingled storage. [1] [11] In September 2014, HGST announced a 10 TB drive filled with helium that uses host-managed shingled magnetic recording, [12] although in December 2015 it followed this with a 10 TB helium-filled drive that uses conventional ...
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a type of solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuits to store data persistently. It is sometimes called semiconductor storage device, solid-state device, and solid-state disk. [ 1 ][ 2 ] SSDs rely on non-volatile memory, typically NAND flash, to store data in memory cells.
Software that shows the health of the drive and its smart attributes. [ 1 ] Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T. or SMART) is a monitoring system included in computer hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs). [ 2 ]
Linear Tape-Open (LTO), also known as the LTO Ultrium format, [1] is a magnetic tape data storage technology used for backup, data archiving, and data transfer. It was originally developed in the late 1990s as an open standards alternative to the proprietary magnetic tape formats available at the time. Upon introduction, LTO rapidly defined the ...
The Variant Call Format or VCF is a standard text file format used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence variations. The format was developed in 2010 for the 1000 Genomes Project and has since been used by other large-scale genotyping and DNA sequencing projects. [1][2] VCF is a common output format for variant calling programs due to its ...
TRIM is an ATA command (Advanced Technology Attachment Command) that allows an OS to inform SSD about the blocks of data no longer in use. The SSD then deletes such blocks of data to make a way for newer blocks of data. TRIM is basically used for enhancing the performance and life span of the SSD.