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If the Earth is traveling through an aether medium, a light beam traveling parallel to the flow of that aether will take longer to reflect back and forth than would a beam traveling perpendicular to the aether, because the increase in elapsed time from traveling against the aether wind is more than the time saved by traveling with the aether wind.
Nineteenth-century Aether Theories. Oxford: Pergamon Press. ISBN 978-0-08-015674-3. Whittaker, Edmund Taylor (1910). A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity (1st ed.). Dublin: Longman, Green and Co. "A Ridiculously Brief History of Electricity and Magnetism; Mostly from E. T. Whittaker's A History of the Theories of Aether and ...
A history of the theories of aether and electricity : from the age of Descartes to the close of the nineteenth century Author Whittaker, E. T. (Edmund Taylor), 1873-1956
A 1933 portrait of E. T. Whittaker by Arthur Trevor Haddon. The book was originally written in the period immediately following the publication of Einstein's Annus Mirabilis papers and several years following the early work of Max Planck; it was a transitional period for physics, where special relativity and old quantum theory were gaining traction.
4th-century BC – Aristotle publishes Physics, in which the aether is briefly described as being an element lighter than air that surrounds celestial bodies.He describes the aether in relation to other elements – aether is lighter than air and is located above it, whereas air is lighter than water, and water is lighter than earth.
According to ancient and medieval science, aether (/ ˈ iː θ ər /, alternative spellings include æther, aither, and ether), also known as the fifth element or quintessence, is the material that fills the region of the universe beyond the terrestrial sphere. [1] The concept of aether was used in several theories to explain several natural ...
Theory and Practice. Chapter V. Knowledge: Self-Elements. Chapter VI. Function of Mind. Space against Metaphysics. Self-Limitations and its Test. A Plane World. Chapter VII. Self Elements in our Consciousness. Chapter VIII. Relation of Lower and Higher Space. Theory of the Aether. Chapter IX. Another View of the Aether. Material and Aetherial ...
In theories that presume that light travels at a fixed speed relative to an unmodifiable and detectable luminiferous aether, a preferred frame would be a frame in which this aether would be stationary. In 1887, Michelson and Morley tried to identify the state of motion of the aether. To do so, they assumed Galilean relativity to be satisfied by ...