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  2. Jim Crow laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws

    The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, "Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. [1] The last of the Jim Crow laws were generally overturned in 1965. [2]

  3. Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disfranchisement_after_the...

    The legislature also passed Jim Crow laws establishing racial segregation in public facilities and transportation. The effect in North Carolina was the complete elimination of black voters from voter rolls by 1904. Contemporary accounts estimated that seventy-five thousand black male citizens lost the vote.

  4. Black Codes (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Codes_(United_States)

    The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...

  5. Fact-checking Byron Donalds’ ‘Jim Crow’ comments on Black ...

    www.aol.com/fact-checking-byron-donalds-jim...

    Jim Crow laws were enacted over several decades after the end of post-Civil War Reconstruction in the late 19th century and formally ended with passage of the Civil Rights Act and the Voting ...

  6. Sixty years after the unwinding of Jim Crow, a historic US ...

    www.aol.com/news/sixty-years-unwinding-jim-crow...

    It was the beginning of the end of Jim Crow, the often brutally enforced web of racist laws and practices born in the South to subjugate Black Americans. Members of the last generation to live ...

  7. Supreme Court rejects challenge to Jim Crow-era Mississippi ...

    www.aol.com/supreme-court-rejects-challenge-jim...

    The Supreme Court rejected a challenge to a constitutional amendment adopted by Mississippi during the Jim Crow era aimed at preventing Black people from voting.

  8. Voting rights in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_rights_in_the...

    Following the Reconstruction era until the culmination of the civil rights movement, Jim Crow laws such as literacy tests, poll taxes, and religious tests were some of the state and local laws used in various parts of the United States to deny immigrants (including legal ones and newly naturalized citizens), non-white citizens, Native Americans ...

  9. List of landmark African-American legislation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_landmark_African...

    Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) - Ruled racial segregation and Jim Crow laws in the South to be constitutional under the "separate-but-equal" doctrine. Williams v. Mississippi (1898) - Upheld voting restrictions in the 1890 Mississippi State Constitution. Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education (1899) - Upheld de jure segregation in schools ...