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Any type of convulsive seizure resulting in trauma could cause fetal heart rate changes and lactic acid build-up. [10] Throughout the pregnancy, the patient's OB or other pregnancy care providers should assess the patient for an increase in all types of seizures, including: Focal aware seizures/auras; Focal impaired aware seizures; Absence seizures
Levetiracetam, sold under the brand name Keppra among others, is a novel antiepileptic drug [7] used to treat epilepsy. [8] It is used for partial-onset , myoclonic , or tonic–clonic seizures, [ 7 ] and is taken either by mouth as an immediate or extended release formulation or by injection into a vein .
Several studies that followed children exposed to ASMs during pregnancy showed that a number of widely used ones (including lamotrigine and levetiracetam) carried a low risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes (cognitive and behavioral) in children when compared to children born to mothers without epilepsy and children born to mothers taking ...
[11] [12] [13] Maternal valproate use during pregnancy increased the probability of autism in the offspring compared to mothers not taking valproate from 1.5% to 4.4%. [14] A 2005 study found rates of autism among children exposed to sodium valproate before birth in the cohort studied were 8.9%. [ 15 ]
Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that is first diagnosed during pregnancy and can accordingly cause high blood sugar that affects the woman and the baby. [9] In 10 - 20% of women whose diet and exercise are not adequate enough to control blood sugar, insulin injections may be required to lower blood sugar levels. [9]
Factitious disorder (self-induced illness) can take many forms, and, during pregnancy, they include obstetric complications such as antepartum bleeding and hyperemesis. [14] [15] They also include simulation of labor by contractions of the abdominal muscles [16] or manipulation of tocodynamometry.
Brivaracetam is believed to act by binding to the ubiquitous synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A), like levetiracetam, but with 20-fold greater affinity. [15] [16] There is some evidence that racetams including levetiracetam and brivaracetam access the luminal side of recycling synaptic vesicles during vesicular endocytosis.
Pregnancy Category: D D . Has the highest propensity of all anticonvulsants for causing birth defects. Around 6-11% of children born to mothers that used the drug during pregnancy are born with birth defects. Oral Ziprasidone and treatment as usual: 55.1: 14.1 ++/+ -