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Soybean management practices in farming are the decisions a producer must make in order to raise a soybean crop. The type of tillage, plant population, row spacing, and planting date are four major management decisions that soybean farmers must consider. How individual producers choose to handle each management application depends on their own ...
In botany, drought tolerance is the ability by which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions. [1] [2] [3] Some plants are naturally adapted to dry conditions, surviving with protection mechanisms such as desiccation tolerance, detoxification, or repair of xylem embolism. [3]
Soybean plants grow less and develop a smaller leaf area as they are exposed to temperatures beyond what they are historically used to. [20] Agriculture is sensitive to weather, and major events like heatwaves or droughts or heavy rains (also known as low and high precipitation extremes) can cause substantial losses.
The final characteristics of a soybean plant are variable, with factors such as genetics, soil quality, and climate affecting its form; however, fully mature soybean plants are generally between 50 and 125 cm (20 and 50 in) in height [9] and have rooting depths between 75 and 150 cm (30 and 60 in). [10]
It has been adapted by and to other countries (such as Canada) in various forms. A plant may be described as "hardy to zone 10": this means that the plant can withstand a minimum temperature of 30 to 40 °F (−1.1 to 4.4 °C). Unless otherwise specified, in American contexts "hardiness zone" or simply "zone" usually refers to the USDA scale.
hardiness zone. Warmest hardiness zone maize (corn) 147 172 129 18 3 11 cashew nut: 148 176 132 19 10 11 oats: 183 217 163 23 3 10 lupin (lupine) 195 232 175 25 4 7 kenaf: 230 273 205 29 6 10 calendula: 256 305 229 33 9 11 cotton: 273 325 244 35 8 11 hemp: 305 363 272 39 8 11 soybean: 375 446 335 48 2 11 coffee: 386 459 345 49 10 11 flax ...
Popular choices for plant biofuels include: oil palm, soybean, castor oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, corn ethanol, and sugar cane ethanol. A 2008 Hawaiian oil palm plantation projection stated: "algae could yield from 5,000-10,000 gallons of oil per acre yearly, compared to 250-350 gallons for jatropha and 600-800 gallons for palm oil ".
Seminal examples of local adaptation come from plants that adapted to different elevations [10] or to tolerate heavy metals in soils. [11] Interactions among species (e.g. herbivore-plant interactions) can also drive local adaptation, though do not seem to be as important as abiotic factors, at least for plants in temperate ecosystems. [12]