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During the Great War, Serbia could be considered a country of women with a far greater number of women compared to men, Serbian census in 1910 showed there were 100 females per 107 males but by the time of the Austro-Hungarian census in 1916 there were 100 females per sixty-nine males, many of the men gone from the census just a short six years ...
The First, the Few, the Forgotten: Navy and Marine Corps Women in World War I. Annapolis, MD: The Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-55750-203-2. Frahm, Jill. "The Hello Girls: Women Telephone Operators with the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 3#3 (2004): 271–293. online
The involvement of women in World War I played a vital role in the U.S.’s victory. They filled in the jobs the men left behind to fight in the war. Women did not physically fight in combat, but their contribution consisted of behind-the-scenes work at home, raising money, and working to keep the country up and running. [26]
The first American women enlisted into the regular armed forces were 13,000 women admitted into active duty in the U.S. Navy during the war. They served stateside in jobs and received the same benefits and responsibilities as men, including identical pay (US$28.75 per month), and were treated as veterans after the war.
Wings, Women & War: Soviet Airwomen in World War II Combat, (2007). ISBN 0-7006-1145-2 Foreword by John Erickson. Pennington, Reina. "Offensive Women: Women in Combat in the Red Army in the Second World War" Journal of Military History, (2010) 74#3 pp 775–820; Sakaida, Henry & Hook, Christina, Heroines of the Soviet Union 1941–45 (2003).
Members of the 1st Russian Women's Battalion of Death with their commander Maria Bochkareva (far right) in 1917.. Women's Battalions (Russia) were all-female combat units formed after the February Revolution by the Russian Provisional Government, in a last-ditch effort to inspire the mass of war-weary soldiers to continue fighting in World War I.
Throughout history, women have assumed diverse roles during periods of war, contributing to war efforts in various capacities. Women served as warriors in many ancient armies. Some ancient civilizations like the Scythians , Sarmatians and many others had female regiments which inspired the creation of the story of the Amazons in Ancient Greece .
Historian Elizabeth D. Leonard writes that, according to various estimates, between 500 and 1,000 women enlisted as soldiers on both sides of the American Civil War, disguised as men. [35]: 165, 310–311 Women also served as spies, resistance activists, nurses, and hospital personnel.