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The Sultanate of Brunei (Jawi: كسلطانن بروني) or simply Brunei (/ b r uː ˈ n aɪ / broo-NY), also known as the Bruneian Empire, was a Malay sultanate centered around Brunei on the northern coast of Borneo in Southeast Asia.
The term "Brunei Protectorate" [45] or "British Protectorate of Brunei" [46] was used to describe a British Protected State of the United Kingdom that encompassed what is modern-day Brunei. The 1905–1906 Supplementary Treaty created a British Resident , whose counsel was obligatory on behalf of the Sultan in all domains, save Islamic ones.
Brunei, [b] officially Brunei Darussalam, [c] [d] is a country in Southeast Asia, situated on the northern coast of the island of Borneo. Apart from its coastline on the South China Sea , it is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak , with its territory bifurcated by the Sarawak district of Limbang .
The Sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei. [1] Since independence from the British in 1984, only one sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century. [ 2 ]
Residents of Tutong during a performance in 2023.. The culture of Brunei is strongly influenced by Malay culture and Islam.The culture is also influenced by the demographic makeup of the country: more than two-thirds of the population are Malay, and the remainder consists of Chinese, Indians and indigenous groups such as Muruts, Bisaya Brunei, Brunei Dusun and Kedayans. [1]
Kampung Ayer (kahm-PONG AH-yuhr) [2] is a prominent traditional settlement in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei.It comprises neighbourhoods of traditional houses, schools and mosques built on stilts above the Brunei River near the capital's city centre.
The most recent museum in Kota Batu is the Brunei Darussalam Maritime Museum; it was inaugurated in 2015 and mainly exhibits the artifacts from the Brunei Shipwreck which was discovered off the coast of Brunei in 1997. [13] Kota Batu is also home to two royal tombs which belong to the third and fifth Sultans of Brunei, Sharif Ali and Bolkiah. [11]
In 1888, Brunei signed a deal with the British to come under their protection in order to ensure its own political survival. [3] As piracy and rebellion threatened the internal order of the kingdom and Sarawak's White Rajahs encroached on the borders, Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin petitioned the British government for help to slow the rapid collapse of Brunei's land.