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Peritoneal dialysis was first carried out in the 1920s; however, long-term use did not come into medical practice until the 1960s. [36] The timeline was 1923 – Georg Ganter performs the first peritoneal dialysis in a guinea pig and attempts the procedure in humans, without success. Hypertonic saline was used as the dialysate. [36] [37]
Faecal peritonitis results from the presence of faeces in the peritoneal cavity. It can result from abdominal trauma and occurs if the large bowel is perforated during surgery. [11] Disruption of the peritoneum, even in the absence of perforation of a hollow viscus, may also cause infection simply by letting micro-organisms into the peritoneal ...
The diagnosis of retroperitoneal fibrosis cannot be made on the basis of the results of laboratory studies. CT is the best diagnostic modality: [25] a confluent mass surrounding the aorta [6] and common iliac arteries can be seen.
Postoperative wounds are those wounds acquired during surgical procedures. Postoperative wound healing occurs after surgery and normally follows distinct bodily reactions: the inflammatory response, the proliferation of cells and tissues that initiate healing, and the final remodeling.
This procedure is performed when intra-abdominal bleeding (hemoperitoneum), usually secondary to trauma, is suspected. [2]In a hemodynamically unstable patient with high-risk mechanism of injury, peritoneal lavage is a means of rapidly diagnosing intra-abdominal injury requiring laparotomy, but has largely been replaced in trauma care by the use of a focused assessment with sonography for ...
Like with any major surgery, a variety of complications may occur during and after an exploratory laparotomy. These include minor problems, such as superficial skin infection or delayed bowel motility , and major problems, such as bleeding, blood clots in the legs or in the lungs , stroke , deep intraabdominal infection which can lead to sepsis ...
Treatment of chronic failure may include hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or a kidney transplant. [2] Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter the blood outside the body. [2] In peritoneal dialysis specific fluid is placed into the abdominal cavity and then drained, with this process being repeated multiple times per day. [2]
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity.The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma.