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Bortle scale. The Bortle dark-sky scale (usually referred to as simply the Bortle scale) is a nine-level numeric scale that measures the night sky 's brightness of a particular location. It quantifies the astronomical observability of celestial objects and the interference caused by light pollution.
Light pollutionis the presence of any unwanted, inappropriate, or excessive artificial lighting. [1][2]In a descriptive sense, the term light pollutionrefers to the effects of any poorly implemented lighting sources, during the day or night. Light pollution can be understood not only as a phenomenon resulting from a specific source or kind of ...
The evolution of the peppered moth is an evolutionary instance of directional colour change in the moth population as a consequence of air pollution during the Industrial Revolution. The frequency of dark-coloured moths increased at that time, an example of industrial melanism. Later, when pollution was reduced, the light-coloured form again ...
He brought along 3,000 carbonaria type. After several days, he found that out the total 190 moths eaten by birds in the wild, 86% were the black type while only 14% were the white type. In his release-and-recapture experiment for 11 days, he used 799 moths, and his recapture rate was 13.7% for the white type, but only 4.7% for the black type.
Types of light pollution. Light pollution is a broad term used to define excess artificial light that brightens the night sky. Types of light pollution which include: Skyglow, a hazy glow produced by the reflection water molecules in the air that encompasses cities which prevent the night sky to be fully seen. Light trespass is a condition in ...
Dark-sky movement. The dark-sky movement is a campaign to reduce light pollution. The advantages of reducing light pollution include an increased number of stars visible at night, reducing the effects of electric lighting on the environment, improving the well-being, [1] health [2] and safety [3] of people and wildlife, [4] and cutting down on ...
Color of chemicals. The color of chemicals is a physical property of chemicals that in most cases comes from the excitation of electrons due to an absorption of energy performed by the chemical. The study of chemical structure by means of energy absorption and release is generally referred to as spectroscopy .
Design by Yoora Kim. When you see posters and graphics related to Black History Month, chances are you'll see them designed with the same four colors: red, black, green, and gold. These colors are ...