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  2. Roman numerals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numerals

    The Roman numerals, in particular, are directly derived from the Etruscan number symbols: 𐌠 , 𐌑 , 𐌒 , 𐌣 , and 𐌟 for 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 (they had more symbols for larger numbers, but it is unknown which symbol represents which number). As in the basic Roman system, the Etruscans wrote the symbols that added to the desired ...

  3. Roman numeral analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numeral_analysis

    The first inversion is denoted by the numeral 6 (e.g. I 6 for the first inversion of the tonic triad, even though a complete figuring would require I 6 3); the numerals 6 4 denotes the second inversion (e.g. I 6 4). Inverted seventh chords are similarly denoted by one or two Arabic numerals describing the most characteristic intervals, namely ...

  4. List of numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numeral_systems

    This is the minimum number of characters needed to encode a 32 bit number into 5 printable characters in a process similar to MIME-64 encoding, since 85 5 is only slightly bigger than 2 32. Such method is 6.7% more efficient than MIME-64 which encodes a 24 bit number into 4 printable characters.

  5. Number Forms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_Forms

    Number Forms is a Unicode block containing Unicode compatibility characters that have specific meaning as numbers, but are constructed from other characters. They consist primarily of vulgar fractions and Roman numerals. In addition to the characters in the Number Forms block, three fractions (ΒΌ, Β½, and ΒΎ) were inherited from ISO-8859-1 ...

  6. Numeral system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_system

    A numeral system is a writing system for expressing numbers; that is, a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set, using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner. The same sequence of symbols may represent different numbers in different numeral systems. For example, "11" represents the number eleven in the decimal or ...

  7. History of ancient numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ancient_numeral...

    Numeral systems. Number systems have progressed from the use of fingers and tally marks, perhaps more than 40,000 years ago, to the use of sets of glyphs able to represent any conceivable number efficiently. The earliest known unambiguous notations for numbers emerged in Mesopotamia about 5000 or 6000 years ago.

  8. Hebrew numerals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_numerals

    The Hebrew numeric system operates on the additive principle in which the numeric values of the letters are added together to form the total. For example, 177 is represented as Χ§Χ’Χ– β€Ž which (from right to left) corresponds to 100 + 70 + 7 = 177. Mathematically, this type of system requires 27 letters (1-9, 10–90, 100–900).

  9. Arabic numerals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals

    The reception of Arabic numerals in the West was gradual and lukewarm, as other numeral systems circulated in addition to the older Roman numbers. As a discipline, the first to adopt Arabic numerals as part of their own writings were astronomers and astrologists, evidenced from manuscripts surviving from mid-12th-century Bavaria.