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The secondary structural features of IL-13 are similar to that of Interleukin 4 (IL-4); however it only has 25% sequence identity to IL-4 and is capable of IL-4 independent signaling. [ 7 ] [ 4 ] [ 8 ] IL-13 is a cytokine secreted by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, CD4 cells, natural killer T cell , mast cells , basophils , eosinophils and ...
Tildrakizumab, sold under the brand name Ilumya among others, is a monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of immunologically mediated inflammatory disorders. [4] It is approved for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in the United States and in the European Union.
The most common side effects include injection site reactions, dry eye and conjunctivitis (redness and discomfort in the eye) including allergic conjunctivitis. [8] Lebrikizumab was approved for medical use in the European Union in November 2023, [8] in Canada in June 2024, [5] and in the United States in September 2024. [10] [11] [12] [13]
Canakinumab was being developed by Novartis for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but this trial was completed in October 2009. [12] Canakinumab is also in phase I clinical trials as a possible treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, [13] gout, and coronary artery disease (the CANTOS trial [14]).
Activated STAT6 molecules form dimers which translocate to the nucleus to bind responsive elements (e.g. CD23 promoter in B cells, [12] arginase1 enhancer in macrophages [13]) The binding affinity of IL-4 for IL-4Rα is much higher than IL-13 for the IL-13Rα1, hence IL-4 would out-compete IL-13 for receptor availability within IL4R2 at parity ...
A daily weight loss pill from Novo Nordisk was shown to lower body weight by up to 13% after three months in a Phase 1 clinical trial, ... Common side effects of those drugs can include nausea ...
Pfizer announced on Dec. 1 that it was discontinuing phase 3 clinical trials of the twice-daily version due to high rates of adverse side effects. While these were mostly mild, a large percentage ...
Tocilizumab, sold under the brand name Actemra among others, is an immunosuppressive drug, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, cytokine release syndrome, COVID‑19, and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD).