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The effects of high altitude on humans are mostly the consequences of reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere. The medical problems that are direct consequence of high altitude are caused by the low inspired partial pressure of oxygen, which is caused by the reduced atmospheric pressure, and the constant gas fraction of oxygen in ...
The people of the Ethiopian highlands also live at extremely high altitudes, around 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) to 3,500 meters (11,500 ft). Highland Ethiopians exhibit elevated hemoglobin levels, like Andeans and lowlander humans at high altitudes, but do not exhibit the Andeans’ increase in oxygen content of hemoglobin. [49]
The atmosphere envelops the earth and extends hundreds of kilometres from the surface. It consists mostly of inert nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%) and argon (0.9%). [4] Some trace gases in the atmosphere, such as water vapour and carbon dioxide, are the gases most important for the workings of the climate system, as they are greenhouse gases which allow visible light from the Sun to penetrate to ...
This is why the sky looks blue; you are seeing scattered blue light. This is also why sunsets are red. Because the Sun is close to the horizon, the Sun's rays pass through more atmosphere than normal before reaching your eye. Much of the blue light has been scattered out, leaving the red light in a sunset.
[4] [5] The rate of heating from this human-caused event is without precedent. [6]: 54 The main origin of changes in the Earth's energy is from human-induced changes in the composition of the atmosphere. [1] During 2005 to 2019 the Earth's energy imbalance (EEI) averaged about 460 TW or globally 0.90 ± 0.15 W/m 2. [1]
Other complications include whether the atmosphere is saturated or sub-saturated at some humidity, [20] higher CO 2 levels in the atmosphere resulting in a less hot Earth than expected due to Rayleigh scattering, [2] and whether cloud feedbacks stabilize or destabilize the climate system. [21] [20]
During certain times of the year, the sun sets behind the skyline, offering this breathtaking view. Image credits: JamesLucasIT The world has so many little secrets we might have no idea about.
The greenhouse effect on Earth is defined as: "The infrared radiative effect of all infrared absorbing constituents in the atmosphere.Greenhouse gases (GHGs), clouds, and some aerosols absorb terrestrial radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and elsewhere in the atmosphere."