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Chemical structure of tropane which forms the core of tropane alkaloids Chemical structure and phylogeny of tropane alkaloids. Displayed are 3 chemical compounds that occur as natural products in 5 plant species. Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical ...
Hyoscyamine (also known as daturine or duboisine) is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid and plant toxin. It is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the family Solanaceae, including henbane, mandrake, angel's trumpets, jimsonweed, the sorcerers' tree, and Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade).
Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound. It is mainly known for the other alkaloids derived from it, which include atropine and cocaine , among others. Tropane alkaloids occur in plants of the families Erythroxylaceae (including coca ) and Solanaceae (including mandrake , henbane , deadly nightshade , datura , potato , tomato ).
Of the approximately 200 members in the genus Erythroxylum, most species contain the central nervous system stimulant tropane alkaloid, known more commonly as cocaine.Because the plant is endemic ...
Tropine is a derivative of tropane containing a hydroxyl group at the third carbon. It is also called 3-tropanol. [4] It is a poisonous white hygroscopic crystalline powder. [3] It is a heterocyclic alcohol and an amine. [3] Tropine is a central building block of many chemicals active in the nervous system, including tropane alkaloids.
The nectar is used by bees to make honey that also contains tropane alkaloids. [45] The berries pose the greatest danger to children because they look attractive and have a somewhat sweet taste. [35] [46] [47] The root of the plant is generally the most toxic part, though this can vary from one specimen to another. [35] [42]
Tropane alkaloid biosynthesis is another avenue of defense with codons positively selected and expanded in the Datura branch. It is aided by the tropane alkaloid Littorine rearrangement which is very important to scopolamine and atropine/hyoscyamine production, all of which serve to debilitate any organism that would come into contact with them.
One interesting example of plant/animal interaction involves the butterfly Placidula euryanassa, which uses Brugmansia suaveolens as one of its main larval foods. It has been shown that these can sequester the plant's tropane alkaloids and store them through the pupal stage on to the adult butterfly, where they are then used as a defense ...