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Hemolymph fills all of the interior (the hemocoel) of the animal's body and surrounds all cells. It contains hemocyanin, a copper-based protein that turns blue when oxygenated, instead of the iron-based hemoglobin in red blood cells found in vertebrates, giving hemolymph a blue-green color rather than the red color of vertebrate blood. When not ...
Hemocyanin is homologous to the phenol oxidases (e.g. tyrosinase) since both proteins have histidine residues, called "type 3" copper-binding coordination centers, as do the enzymes tyrosinase and catechol oxidase. [19] In both cases inactive precursors to the enzymes (also called zymogens or proenzymes) must be activated first. This is done by ...
The name derives from their defensive strategy: when threatened they release oily droplets of hemolymph from their joints (legs, neck, and antennae). This fluid is bright orange and contains cantharidin, a poisonous chemical compound. Wiping the chemical on skin can cause blistering and painful swelling of the skin.
The formed elements are the two types of blood cell or corpuscle – the red blood cells, (erythrocytes) and white blood cells (leukocytes), and the cell fragments called platelets [12] that are involved in clotting. By volume, the red blood cells constitute about 45% of whole blood, the plasma about 54.3%, and white cells about 0.7%.
The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and Karl Saller is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color. The scale uses the following designations: A (very light blond), B to E (light blond), F to L (), M to O (dark blond), P to T (light brown to brown), U to Y (dark brown to black) and Roman numerals I to IV and V to VI (red-blond).
Larvae of all species in genus Arachnocampa use modified and swollen Malpighian tubules to produce a blue-green light [7] attracting prey towards mucus-coated trap lines. In insects which feed on plant material containing noxious allelochemicals , Malpighian tubules also serve to rapidly excrete such compounds from the hemolymph.
Paederus species are much more brightly colored than most other rove beetles, with metallic blue- or green-colored elytra and many with bright orange or red on the pronotum and the basal segments of the abdomen. These bright colors may be an example of aposematism, a warning signal to potential predators. [6]
Its carapace is generally a dark purple in color, although it may be olive green or red, with white or cream markings. The color of the legs matches the color of the carapace but the white-tipped claws ( chelipeds ) are a lighter color with purple or red spots – these spots allow H. nudus to be distinguished from a similar looking crab, the ...