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An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus Quercus of the beech family. They have spirally arranged leaves, often with lobed edges, and a nut called an acorn, borne within a cup. The genus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere; it includes some 500 species, both deciduous and evergreen.
Quercus robur, the pedunculate oak or English oak, [3] [4] is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to most of Europe and western Asia , and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions.
The white oak is the only known food plant of the Bucculatrix luteella and Bucculatrix ochrisuffusa caterpillars. The young shoots of many eastern oak species are readily eaten by deer. [21] Dried oak leaves are also occasionally eaten by white-tailed deer in the fall or winter. [22] Rabbits often browse twigs and can girdle stems. [21]
– California scrub oak – # California; Quercus bicolor Willd. – swamp white oak – eastern and midwestern North America; Quercus × bimundorum E.J.Palmer — two worlds oak; Quercus boyntonii Beadle – Boynton's post oak – south central North America; Quercus canariensis Willd. – Mirbeck's oak or Algerian oak – # North Africa & Spain
Quercus virginiana, also known as the southern live oak, is an evergreen oak tree endemic to the Southeastern United States. [5] Though many other species are loosely called live oak , the southern live oak is particularly iconic of the Old South .
Quercus nigra, the water oak, is an oak in the red oak group (Quercus sect. Lobatae), native to the eastern and south-central United States, found in all the coastal states from New Jersey to Texas, and inland as far as Oklahoma, Kentucky, and southern Missouri. [3]
Northern red oak trees have been shown to increase growth in the presence of various ascomycetes that coil at the base of the oak trunk. The fungi, which eventually proliferate at the stumps of deciduous trees, have been found to be host-specific to both Quercus rubra and Quercus montana [27] and primarily promote growth upon infection. [27]
Quercus laevis is a small tree, sometimes shrubby, typically only 8–10 meters (26–33 feet) tall, though occasionally reaching 28 m (92 ft).The leaves are variable in size, mostly 10–17 centimeters (4– 6 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches) long but occasionally just 8 cm (3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) or as much as 30 cm (12 in) long.