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When the single 2D image is viewed with proper eye convergence, it causes the brain to fuse different patterns perceived by the two eyes into a virtual 3D image without, hidden within the 2D image, the aid of any optical equipment. SIS images are created using a repeating pattern. [18] [29] Programs for their creation include Mathematica. [30] [31]
Binocular disparity refers to the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation ().The mind uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.
2D to 3D video conversion (also called 2D to stereo 3D conversion and stereo conversion) is the process of transforming 2D ("flat") film to 3D form, which in almost all cases is stereo, so it is the process of creating imagery for each eye from one 2D image.
Stereoscopy creates the impression of three-dimensional depth from a pair of two-dimensional images. [5] Human vision, including the perception of depth, is a complex process, which only begins with the acquisition of visual information taken in through the eyes; much processing ensues within the brain, as it strives to make sense of the raw information.
The convergence will stretch the extraocular muscles – the receptors for this are muscle spindles. As happens with the monocular accommodation cue, kinesthetic sensations from these extraocular muscles also help in distance and depth perception. The angle of convergence is smaller when the eye is fixating on objects which are far away.
Incorrect vergence response can cause double vision. Accommodation is the eye’s focusing mechanism and it is engaged to produce a sharp image on a retina. Both of these mechanisms are neurally linked forming the accommodation-convergence reflex [1] of eyes.
Convergence micropsia is a type of micropsia characterized by the reduction in apparent size of objects viewed when the eyes are more converged than they need to be for the distance of the object from the eyes. [1] [2] [3] It occurs mainly during stereoscopy and when viewing autostereograms (such as Magic Eye pictures).
The cube is shifted to the right in left eye's image. The cube is shifted to the left in the right eye's image. We see a single, Cyclopean, image from the two eyes' images. The brain gives each point in the Cyclopean image a depth value, represented here by a grayscale depth map.