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A vehicle snorkel is the land-based equivalent of the submarine snorkel which allows submarines to use diesel engines while submerged. [1] Snorkels, when used by vehicles with air-breathing internal combustion engines , sometimes allow limited deep wading capability for river crossing or amphibious landing operations, particularly in the case ...
An engine test stand is a facility used to develop, characterize and test engines. The facility, often offered as a product to automotive OEMs , allows engine operation in different operating regimes and offers measurement of several physical variables associated with the engine operation.
This makes it different from the less extreme "wading" done by many off-road vehicles which are simply fitted with a snorkel that is higher than the normal engine air intake, roughly level with the top of the cab. In these cases, the crew compartment is not watertight, and the snorkel provides air only for the engine.
AIP is usually implemented as an auxiliary source, with the traditional diesel engine handling surface propulsion. Most such systems generate electricity, which in turn drives an electric motor for propulsion or recharges the boat's batteries. The submarine's electrical system is also used for providing "hotel services"—ventilation, lighting ...
The intake snorkel (opening for the intake air to enter the system) must be large enough to ensure sufficient air is available to the engine under all conditions from idle to full throttle. The most basic cold air intake consists of a long metal or plastic tube leading to a conical air filter.
The tests were largely successful, and a similar system was designed for the Sirena class, but was eventually scrapped; subsequent snorkel systems were not based on Ferretti's design. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The Royal Netherlands Navy had been experimenting as early as 1938 with a simple pipe system on the submarines O-19 and O-20 that enabled diesel ...
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For an automobile engine the components through which the air flows to the engine cylinders, are collectively known as an intake system [4] and may include the inlet port and valve. [5] An intake for a hydroelectric power plant is the capture area in a reservoir which feeds a pressure pipe, or penstock , or into an open canal.