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As one gets older, pockets of fluid can develop in the vitreous. When these pockets develop near the back of the eye, the vitreous can pull away from the retina and possibly tear it. [ 2 ] Posterior vitreous detachment accounts for 3.7–11.7% of vitreous hemorrhage cases.
In one study, optic nerve sheath hemorrhage was present in all 13 infants with non-accidental intracranial injury, and multilayered retinal hemorrhage was present in at least one eye of 11 of the 13 infants. [21] Hyphema is a complication that can occur after glaucoma filtering surgery, although the causes are not always well known.
Multiple complications are known to occur following eye injury: corneal scarring, hyphema, iridodialysis, post-traumatic glaucoma, uveitis cataract, vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment. The complications risk is high with retinal tears, penetrating injuries and severe blunt trauma.
Central retinal artery occlusion: CRAO is characterized by painless, acute vision loss in one eye. [11] Central retinal vein occlusion: CRVO causes sudden, painless vision loss that can be mild to severe. [12] Branch retinal vein occlusion: sudden painless vision loss or visual field defect are the main symptom of BRVO. [13]
[1] [3] This occurs when the vitreous begins to liquefy and shrink, pulling away from the retina. [13] [14] While this process is typically harmless and often presents without symptoms, it can lead to retinal holes or tears that may progress to a full retinal detachment if left untreated. [8] [15]
Emergency bleeding control describes actions that control bleeding from a patient who has suffered a traumatic injury or who has a medical condition that has caused bleeding. Many bleeding control techniques are taught as part of first aid throughout the world. [ 1 ]
Retinal neovascularization occurs in 20% of cases within the first 6–12 months of occlusion and depends on the area of retinal nonperfusion. Neovascularization is more likely to occur if more than five disc diameters of nonperfusion are present and vitreous hemorrhage can ensue. [2]
The extent and location of the intraocular hemorrhage determine the degree of vision impairment. Because of clots or debris in the vitreous cavity, patients may suffer floaters, which are spots or threads in their field of vision. In extreme situations, extensive vitreous bleeding may result in a total loss of the red reflex.