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Neurosurgical anesthesiology, [1] neuroanesthesiology, or neurological anesthesiology [2] is a subspecialty of anesthesiology devoted to the total perioperative care of patients before, during, and after neurological surgeries, including surgeries of the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous systems (PNS).
Awake craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique and type of craniotomy that allows a surgeon to remove a brain tumor while the patient is awake to avoid brain damage.During the surgery, the neurosurgeon performs cortical mapping to identify vital areas, called the "eloquent brain", that should not be disturbed while removing the tumor.
To determine the depth of anesthesia, the anesthetist relies on a series of physical signs of the patient. In 1847, John Snow (1813–1858) [ 1 ] and Francis Plomley [ 2 ] attempted to describe various stages of general anesthesia, but Guedel in 1937 described a detailed system which was generally accepted.
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) or intraoperative neuromonitoring is the use of electrophysiological methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and evoked potentials to monitor the functional integrity of certain neural structures (e.g., nerves, spinal cord and parts of the brain) during surgery.
Neurosurgery or neurological surgery, known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. [1]
Harvey Williams Cushing (April 8, 1869 – October 7, 1939) was an American neurosurgeon, pathologist, writer, and draftsman.A pioneer of brain surgery, he was the first exclusive neurosurgeon and the first person to describe Cushing's disease.
"Anesthesia and Neurosurgery" (with Herman Turndorf, 530 pages, Mosby-Year Book, 2nd edition, 1986, ISBN 0801611636) "Handbook of Neuroanesthesia" (with Philippa Newfield, 437 pages, Little, Brown and Company, 1st edition, 1983, ISBN 0316604704) "Occupational Hazards to Operating and Recovery Room Personnel. International Anesthesiology Clinics.
The Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal publishing research on neurosurgical anesthesia.It was established in 1988 by James E. Cottrell and John Hartung (SUNY Downstate College of Medicine), who became the journal's founding editor-in-chief and associate editor, respectively. [1]