Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Systematic name: 1-chloro-2-methylbenzene 1-chloro-3-methylbenzene 1-chloro-4-methylbenzene Molecular formula: C 7 H 7 Cl (C 6 H 4 ClCH 3) Molar mass: 126.586 g/mol Appearance colorless liquid CAS number [95-49-8] [108-41-8] [106-43-4] Properties Density and phase: 1.073 g/ml, liquid 1.072 g/ml, liquid 1.069 g/ml, liquid Solubility in water ...
Using an acid ratio of 30/56/14, the product mix is typically 34-36% 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 63-65% 4-nitrochlorobenzene, with only about 1% 3-nitrochlorobenzene. Since the above synthetic route does not efficiently produce the 3-isomer, the route most commonly used by chemists is the chlorination of nitrobenzene .
It is made by nitrating toluene by conventional mixed acid (acetyl nitrate doesn't produce it [4]): this reaction mainly affords a 2:1 mixture of 2-nitro and 4-nitro isomers, but after removal of the 2-isomer, the 3-nitrotoluene can be purified by distillation. It is a precursor to toluidine, which is used in producing azo dyes. [3]
For example, the three isomers of xylene CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 3, commonly the ortho-, meta-, and para-forms, are 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, and 1,4-dimethylbenzene. The cyclic structures can also be treated as functional groups themselves, in which case they take the prefix "cyclo alkyl -" (e.g. "cyclohexyl-") or for benzene, "phenyl-".
c 6 h 5 cl + hno 3 → o 2 nc 6 h 4 cl + h 2 o This reaction affords a mixture of isomers. Using an acid ratio of 30% nitric acid, 56% sulfuric acid and 14% water, the product mix is typically 34-36% 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 63-65% 4-nitrochlorobenzene , with only about 1% 3-nitrochlorobenzene .
The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health considers 4-nitrochlorobenzene as a potential occupational carcinogen. [7] The Occupational Safety and Health Administration set a permissible exposure limit of 1 mg/m 3 The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists recommends an airborne exposure limit of 0.64 mg/m 3 over a time-weighted average of eight hours.
The naming of this group is derived from the methyl group (which has the formula −CH 3), by replacing one hydrogen atom by a chlorine atom. Compounds with this group are a subclass of the organochlorines. The way of introducing a chloromethyl group into aromatic compounds is the chloromethylation by the Blanc reaction. [1]
1,2,4,5-Tetrachloro-3-nitrobenzene (tecnazene) is an organic compound with the formula HC 6 Cl 4 NO 2. It is a colorless solid. A related isomer is 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5-nitrobenzene. It is used as a standard for quantitative analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance. [4] [5]