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Irukandji syndrome includes an array of systemic symptoms, including severe headache, backache, muscle pains, chest and abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, sweating, anxiety, hypertension, tachycardia, and pulmonary edema. [2] [3] [7] [8] Symptoms generally improve in four to 30 hours, but may take up to two weeks to resolve completely. [9]
Malo kingi or the common kingslayer is a species of Irukandji jellyfish.It was first described to science in 2007, and is one of four species in the genus Malo. [1] It has one of the world's most potent venoms, even though it is no bigger than a human thumbnail. [2]
The Irukandji syndrome was first discovered after a group of swimmers were stung in the open water near North Queensland, Australia.Victims of the sting reported severe symptoms of muscle aches, back pain, nausea, headaches, chest and abdominal pains, sweating, high blood pressure and difficulty breathing. [3]
The venom from a single sting can take 20–60 minutes to induce "Irukandji syndrome". [5] When stung the pain is mild with minor inflammation at the sting location. The symptoms progressively get more severe as time goes.
In 1961, Barnes confirmed the cause of the Irukandji syndrome was a sting from a small box jellyfish: the Irukandji jellyfish, which can fire venom-filled stingers out of its body and into passing victims. To prove that the jellyfish was the cause of the syndrome, he captured one and deliberately stung himself, his 9-year-old son and a local ...
The sting of all Irukandji Jellyfish is believed to cause Irukandji Syndrome and can be potentially fatal, however the sting of the Malo maxima is the most dangerous of the Malo species. Only two types of species have the venom to cause Irukandji syndrome, the Irukandji Jellyfish and the Box Jelly. The Box Jelly is extremely more venomous than ...
A scale illustration of an Irukandji jellyfish and its tentacles.Below the jelly's medusa bell are two polyp forms of the species.. Irukandji jellyfish are very small, with a bell about 5 millimetres (0.20 in) to 25 millimetres (0.98 in) wide and four long tentacles, which range in length from just a few centimetres up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length.
[50] [51] People stung by these may suffer severe physical and psychological symptoms, known as Irukandji syndrome. [52] Nevertheless, most victims do survive, and out of 62 people treated for Irukandji envenomation in Australia in 1996, almost half could be discharged home with few or no symptoms after 6 hours, and only two remained ...