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The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
Within the chart “close”, “open”, “mid”, “front”, “central”, and “back” refer to the placement of the sound within the mouth. [ 3 ] At points where two sounds share an intersection, the left is unrounded, and the right is rounded which refers to the shape of the lips while making the sound. [ 4 ]
The following are the non-pulmonic consonants.They are sounds whose airflow is not dependent on the lungs. These include clicks (found in the Khoisan languages and some neighboring Bantu languages of Africa), implosives (found in languages such as Sindhi, Hausa, Swahili and Vietnamese), and ejectives (found in many Amerindian and Caucasian languages).
In Maltese, ż represents the voiced alveolar sibilant [z], pronounced like "z" in English "maze". This contrasts with the letter z , which represents the voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate [ts] , like in the word "ha ts ".
The /zh/ sound is represented by various letters in different languages, such as the letter Ž as used in many Slavic languages, the letter Ż as used in Kashubian, the Persian alphabet letter ژ , the Cyrillic letter Ж , the Devanagari letter and the Esperanto letter Ĵ .
Ze (З з; italics: З з) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the voiced alveolar fricative /z/, like the pronunciation of z in "zebra". Ze is romanized using the Latin letter z . The shape of Ze is very similar to the Arabic numeral three 3 , and should not be confused with the Cyrillic letter E Э .
Reading by using phonics is often referred to as decoding words, sounding-out words or using print-to-sound relationships.Since phonics focuses on the sounds and letters within words (i.e. sublexical), [13] it is often contrasted with whole language (a word-level-up philosophy for teaching reading) and a compromise approach called balanced literacy (the attempt to combine whole language and ...
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) can be used to represent sound correspondences among various accents and dialects of the English language. These charts give a diaphoneme for each sound, followed by its realization in different dialects. The symbols for the diaphonemes are given in bold, followed by their most common phonetic values.