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HackerRank categorizes most of their programming challenges into a number of core computer science domains, [3] including database management, mathematics, and artificial intelligence. When a programmer submits a solution to a programming challenge, their submission is scored on the accuracy of their output.
The problem to determine all positive integers such that the concatenation of and in base uses at most distinct characters for and fixed [citation needed] and many other problems in the coding theory are also the unsolved problems in mathematics.
In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code, or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet .
An optimization problem asks for finding a "best possible" solution among the set of all possible solutions to a search problem. One example is the maximum independent set problem: "Given a graph G, find an independent set of G of maximum size." Optimization problems are represented by their objective function and their constraints.
A fair solution must guarantee that each philosopher will eventually eat, no matter how slowly that philosopher moves relative to the others. The following source code is a C++11 implementation of the resource hierarchy solution for five philosophers. The sleep_for() function simulates the time normally spent with business logic. [6]
LCS in particular has overlapping subproblems: the solutions to high-level subproblems often reuse solutions to lower level subproblems. Problems with these two properties are amenable to dynamic programming approaches, in which subproblem solutions are memoized , that is, the solutions of subproblems are saved for reuse.
The "diamond problem" (sometimes referred to as the "Deadly Diamond of Death" [6]) is an ambiguity that arises when two classes B and C inherit from A, and class D inherits from both B and C. If there is a method in A that B and C have overridden , and D does not override it, then which version of the method does D inherit: that of B, or that of C?
Backtracking is a class of algorithms for finding solutions to some computational problems, notably constraint satisfaction problems, that incrementally builds candidates to the solutions, and abandons a candidate ("backtracks") as soon as it determines that the candidate cannot possibly be completed to a valid solution.