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Transketolase (abbreviated as TK) is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the TKT gene. [1] It participates in both the pentose phosphate pathway in all organisms and the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. Transketolase catalyzes two important reactions, which operate in opposite directions in these two pathways.
Dihydroxyacetone kinase in complex with a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog (AMP-PNP). Coordinates from PDB ID:1UN9. [1]In biochemistry, a kinase (/ ˈ k aɪ n eɪ s, ˈ k ɪ n eɪ s,-eɪ z /) [2] is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates.
Phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2.7.2.3) (PGK 1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) to ADP producing 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) and ATP : 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP ⇌ glycerate 3-phosphate + ATP. Like all kinases it is a transferase.
The protein kinase domain is a structurally conserved protein domain containing the catalytic function of protein kinases. [2] [3] [4] Protein kinases are a group of enzymes that move a phosphate group onto proteins, in a process called phosphorylation. This functions as an on/off switch for many cellular processes, including metabolism ...
The human genome contains about 500 protein kinase genes and they constitute about 2% of all human genes. [1] There are two main types of protein kinase. The great majority are serine/threonine kinases, which phosphorylate the hydroxyl groups of serines and threonines in their targets.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (also known as MAP2K, MEK, MAPKK) is a dual-specificity kinase enzyme which phosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). MAP2K is classified as EC 2.7.12.2. There are seven genes: MAP2K1 (a.k.a. MEK1) MAP2K2 (a.k.a. MEK2) MAP2K3 (a.k.a. MKK3) MAP2K4 (a.k.a. MKK4) MAP2K5 (a.k.a. MKK5) MAP2K6 (a ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (also pyruvate dehydrogenase complex kinase, PDC kinase, or PDK; EC 2.7.11.2) is a kinase enzyme which acts to inactivate the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase by phosphorylating it using ATP. PDK thus participates in the regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of which pyruvate dehydrogenase is the first ...
Casein kinase 1 epsilon has been suggested to play a role in phosphorylation of Disheveled in the Wnt signaling pathway. [14] Casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1α) binds to and phosphorylates β‑catenin [15] In plants the phosphorylation of protein Jade-1 is regulated by casein kinase 1. [16] In humans there are three casein kinase 1 gamma enzymes.