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A civil service official, also known as a public servant or public employee, is a person employed in the public sector by a government department or agency for public sector undertakings. Civil servants work for central and local governments, and answer to the government, not a political party.
Carl Schurz, founder of the Liberal Republican Party and prominent advocate of civil service reform. Civil service reform in the United States was a major issue in the late 19th century at the national level, and in the early 20th century at the state level. Proponents denounced the distribution of government offices—the "spoils"—by the ...
The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 ( 5 U.S.C. § 2101 ). [ 1 ]
Quizlet was founded in October 2005 by Andrew Sutherland, who at the time was a 15-year old student, [2] and released to the public in January 2007. [3] Quizlet's primary products include digital flash cards , matching games , practice electronic assessments , and live quizzes.
In politics and government, a spoils system (also known as a patronage system) is a practice in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its supporters, friends (), and relatives as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party—as opposed to a merit system, where offices are awarded or promoted on the basis of some ...
The Civil Service Yearbook is an annual reference guide to the Civil Service and non-departmental public bodies. It is currently only available as an Online Edition at civilserviceyearbook.com . The book was first published in 1972 [ 1 ] and replaced the British Imperial Calendar .
Tbilisi Public Service Hall Building, Tbilisi, Georgia A public service or service of general (economic) interest is any service intended to address specific needs pertaining to the aggregate members of a community, [1] [2] whether provided directly by a public sector agency, via public financing available to private businesses or voluntary organisations, or provided by private businesses ...
The term "public sociology" was first introduced by Herbert Gans in his 1988 ASA presidential address, "Sociology in America: The Discipline and the Public". [5] For Gans, primary examples of public sociologists included David Riesman, author of The Lonely Crowd (one of the best-selling books of sociology ever to be written), and Robert Bellah, the lead author of another best-selling work ...