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  2. Hydrogen ion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_ion

    A hydrogen atom is made up of a nucleus with charge +1, and a single electron. Therefore, the only positively charged ion possible has charge +1. It is noted H +. Depending on the isotope in question, the hydrogen cation has different names: Hydron: general name referring to the positive ion of any hydrogen isotope (H +)

  3. Ion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion

    The net charge of an ion is not zero because its total number of electrons is unequal to its total number of protons. A cation is a positively charged ion with fewer electrons than protons [2] (e.g. K + (potassium ion)) while an anion is a negatively charged ion with more electrons than protons. [3] (e.g. Cl-(chloride ion) and OH-(hydroxide ion)).

  4. Hydrogen compounds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_compounds

    In these compounds, hydrogen can form in the +1 and -1 oxidation states. Hydrogen can form compounds both ionically and in covalent substances. It is a part of many organic compounds such as hydrocarbons as well as water and other organic substances. The H + ion is often called a proton because it has one proton and no electrons, although the ...

  5. Ionization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization

    Ionization (or ionisation specifically in Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand) is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion.

  6. Electrophile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrophile

    The remaining (negatively charged) − OSO 3 H ion then attaches to the carbocation, forming ethyl hydrogensulphate (upper way on the above scheme). When water (H 2 O) is added and the mixture heated, ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) is produced. The "spare" hydrogen atom from the water goes into "replacing" the "lost" hydrogen and, thus, reproduces ...

  7. Carbocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbocation

    The tert-butyl cation is a relatively stable carbenium ion. [1] A carbocation is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom. Among the simplest examples are the methenium CH + 3, methanium CH + 5, acylium ions RCO +, and vinyl C 2 H + 3 cations. [2] Until the early 1970s, carbocations were called carbonium ions. [3]

  8. Hydronium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydronium

    In chemistry, hydronium (hydroxonium in traditional British English) is the cation [H 3 O] +, also written as H 3 O +, the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water.It is often viewed as the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, as Arrhenius acid molecules in solution give up a proton (a positive hydrogen ion, H +) to the surrounding water molecules (H 2 O).

  9. Chemical compound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound

    The compound is neutral overall, but consists of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions. These can be simple ions such as the sodium (Na +) and chloride (Cl −) in sodium chloride, or polyatomic species such as the ammonium (NH + 4) and carbonate (CO 2− 3) ions in ammonium carbonate.