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The mere addition paradox (also known as the repugnant conclusion) is a problem in ethics identified by Derek Parfit and discussed in his book Reasons and Persons (1984). The paradox identifies the mutual incompatibility of four intuitively compelling assertions about the relative value of populations.
If there is a single chain of claims containing at least one intermediate conclusion, the argument is sometimes described as a serial argument or a chain argument. [11] Statement 4 is an intermediate conclusion or sub-conclusion. Each of these structures can be represented by the equivalent "box and line" approach to argument maps.
Though the above paragraph contains a common conclusion indicator word ("thus"), it nevertheless is merely illustrating a fact of taxonomy. However, this could be made into an argument. Taxonomists use Latin words to classify various animals so that scientists who speak different languages can communicate discoveries more easily.
A valid logical argument is one in which the conclusion is entailed by the premises, because the conclusion is the consequence of the premises. The philosophical analysis of logical consequence involves the questions: In what sense does a conclusion follow from its premises? and What does it mean for a conclusion to be a consequence of premises ...
Construct validity concerns how well a set of indicators represent or reflect a concept that is not directly measurable. [1] [2] [3] Construct validation is the accumulation of evidence to support the interpretation of what a measure reflects.
Indicators of spatial association; Indirect least squares; Inductive inference; An inequality on location and scale parameters – see Chebyshev's inequality; Inference; Inferential statistics – redirects to Statistical inference; Infinite divisibility (probability) Infinite monkey theorem; Influence diagram; Info-gap decision theory
Key performance indicator—a method for choosing important/critical performance measures, usually in an organisational context Performance prism—a second-generation performance measurement framework used by organizations to manage performance by considering the needs and contributions of all stakeholders, not just shareholders and customers.
In statistics and research design, an indicator is an observed value of a variable, or in other words "a sign of a presence or absence of the concept being studied". [1] Just like each color indicates in a traffic lights the change in the movement.