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The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 was another important step in the development of Switzerland's neutrality. [13]: 242 Other countries were disallowed from passing through Swiss territory, and the Confederation became legally independent from the Holy Roman Empire, [13]: 242 even though it had been independent from the Empire de facto since 1499.
In terms of major roles Swiss diplomats had the mandate to protect Germany's interest in Britain, the United States, Yugoslavia, Turkey, and Dutch Indonesia. Switzerland protected British interests in Germany, France, Italy, Hungary, Romania and Japan. It protected Vichy France's interests in Britain, the United States, Italy, Egypt and Brazil.
Robert Grimm. The Grimm–Hoffmann affair was a short-lived scandal that threatened Switzerland's neutrality during World War I. Robert Grimm, a socialist politician, travelled to the Russian Republic as an activist to negotiate a separate peace between Russia and the German Empire, in order to end the war on the Eastern Front in the interests of socialism.
The military history of Switzerland comprises centuries of armed actions, and the role of the Swiss military in conflicts and peacekeeping worldwide. Despite maintaining neutrality since its independence from the Holy Roman Empire in 1499, [1] Switzerland has been involved in military operations dating back to the hiring of Swiss mercenaries by foreign nations, including the Papal States.
An example of a permanently neutral power is Switzerland. The concept of neutrality in war is narrowly defined and puts specific constraints on the neutral party in return for the internationally recognized right to remain neutral. Neutralism or a "neutralist policy" is a foreign policy position wherein a state intends to remain neutral in ...
The United States was a major supplier of war material to the Allies but remained neutral in 1914, in large part due to domestic opposition. [168] The most significant factor in creating the support Wilson needed was the German submarine offensive, which not only cost American lives but paralysed trade as ships were reluctant to put to sea. [169]
But Switzerland also seeks to maintain a policy of neutrality dating back more than 200 years. SECO said it already prosecutes violations of sanctions via third countries, as long as the violation ...
Similarly, relations with the Third Reich, Switzerland's primary trading partner, were amicable. For example, Federal Councillor Edmund Schulthess met with Chancellor Adolf Hitler on February 23, 1937. During this meeting, Hitler reaffirmed Switzerland's neutrality, emphasizing shared values such as anti-communism.