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The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with formal precedence in the following sequence: [1]. Cardinal bishops (CB): the six cardinals who are assigned the titles of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome by the pope, [a] plus a few other cardinals who have been exceptionally co-opted into the order, [9] [10] as well as patriarchs who head one of the Eastern ...
Each of Francis' consistories has increased the number of cardinal electors from at or less than the set limit of 120 [b] to a number higher than 120, as high as 140 in 2024, surpassing the record 135 set by Pope John Paul II in 2001 and 2003. [2] Since 2 June 2023, two-thirds of the cardinal electors have been cardinals created by Francis. [3]
The countries with the greatest number of cardinal electors were Italy (twenty), the United States (eleven) and, jointly, Germany and Spain (six each). Choropleth map indicating the number of cardinal electors in attendance from each country (unnumbered countries denote one cardinal elector) [b] *
Of the 115 attending cardinal electors, 4 were cardinal bishops, 81 were cardinal priests, and 30 were cardinal deacons; 48 had been created cardinals by Pope John Paul II and 67 by Pope Benedict XVI; 29 worked in the service of the Holy See (such as in the Roman Curia), 61 were in pastoral ministry outside Rome, and 25 had retired.
Democratic Republic of the Congo cardinals (4 P) Dominica cardinals (1 P) Dominican Republic cardinals (2 P) Dutch cardinals (8 P) E. East Timorese cardinals (1 P)
The 53 cardinal electors in the 1922 papal conclave are listed by region, and within each alphabetically by country. Seven out of the sixty electors did not participate, three for reasons of health: José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia, Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco, and Lev Skrbenský z Hříště.
Francis has consistently named cardinal electors from countries far from Rome, giving less importance than his predecessors to European nations. All cardinals, regardless of age, are allowed to ...
Sixteen were Europeans, including seven Italians. Ten held Vatican offices. With these additions, the number of cardinal electors increased from 107 to 125, a majority of 63 of them named by Benedict. [7] [16] Though the number of cardinal electors exceeded the limit of 120, [7] nine of them were due to turn eighty before the end of the year.