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English: Hydroelectric dam. Water from the reservoir rushes through the penstock into the powerhouse. The water spins the turbine, which drives the generator. Inside the generator is a large electromagnet that spins within a coil of wire, producing electricity.
[4] [5] The Project is called Grand Inga and is planned to be realised on the lower Congo River. [6] As of 2014, China is working on a 50,000 MW [7] dam as part of the Yarlung Tsangpo Hydroelectric and Water Diversion Project. Another proposal, Penzhin Tidal Power Plant, presumes an installed capacity up to 87,100 MW.
The Hoover Dam in Arizona and Nevada was the first hydroelectric power station in the United States to have a capacity of at least 1,000 MW upon completion in 1936. Since then numerous other hydroelectric power stations have surpassed the 1,000 MW threshold, most often through the expansion of existing hydroelectric facilities.
Where a dam serves multiple purposes, a hydroelectric station may be added with relatively low construction cost, providing a useful revenue stream to offset the costs of dam operation. It has been calculated that the sale of electricity from the Three Gorges Dam will cover the construction costs after 5 to 8 years of full generation. [ 42 ]
Inside the Robert-Bourassa generating station, in northern Quebec, the world's largest underground power station, with an installed capacity of 5,616 MW.. An underground power station is a type of hydroelectric power station constructed by excavating the major components (e.g. machine hall, penstocks, and tailrace) from rock, rather than the more common surface-based construction methods.
The Santo Antônio Dam is designed as a run-of-the-river hydroelectric dam, power plant, and factory. The dam itself is 13.9 m (46 ft) tall and 3,100 m (10,171 ft) long, creating a reservoir with a surface area of 271 km 2 (105 sq mi), of which 164 km 2 (63 sq mi) is the previously existing river channel.
More recently, a hydroelectric power generating system was installed in the auxiliary lock at the lower dam. The project, by Brookfield/SAF Hydropower, is 8.98-megawatt and was online December 2011. [26] FERC license 12451 was issued in 2016 to "SAF Hydroelectric" for project "Lower St. Anthony Falls", expires 2056.
On 28 September 2023, the dam reached 60% of completion. According to the project Deputy Manager Abayneh Getnet, the dam expected to generate 1,800MW electric power. [3] [7] The hydropower reservoir capacity is 9,000 million cubic meter with total number of pipes and long channels running water to the turbines is expected to be 3 in number. [8]