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Hock et al. quoting George Hart state that there was influence of Old Tamil on Sanskrit. [130] Hart compared Old Tamil and Classical Sanskrit to arrive at a conclusion that there was a common language from which these features both derived – "that both Tamil and Sanskrit derived their shared conventions, metres, and techniques from a common ...
Old Tamil's iṅkaṇ (where kaṇ means place) is the source of iṅkane in the dialect of Tirunelveli, Old Tamil iṅkiṭṭu is the source of iṅkuṭṭu in the dialect of Madurai, and iṅkaṭe in some northern dialects. Even now, in the Coimbatore area, it is common to hear "akkaṭṭa" meaning "that place". Although Tamil dialects do ...
Old Tamil is the period of the Tamil language spanning from the 3rd century BCE to the ... making it the oldest written tradition not descended from Sanskrit in India.
Other literary works in Old Tamil include two long epics, Cilappatikaram and Manimekalai, and a number of ethical and didactic texts, written between the 5th and 8th centuries. [19] Old Tamil preserved some features of Proto-Dravidian, including the inventory of consonants, [20] the syllable structure, [21] and various grammatical features. [22]
Recently old literature in Gondi has been discovered as well. [146] The earliest known Dravidian inscriptions are 76 Old Tamil inscriptions on cave walls in Madurai and Tirunelveli districts in Tamil Nadu, dating from the 2nd century BCE. [3] These inscriptions are written in a variant of the Brahmi script called Tamil Brahmi. [147]
The Indian Classical languages, or the Śāstrīya Bhāṣā or the Dhrupadī Bhāṣā (Assamese, Bengali) or the Abhijāta Bhāṣā (Marathi) or the Cemmoḻi (Tamil), is an umbrella term for the languages of India having high antiquity, and valuable, original and distinct literary heritage. [1]
An extreme case is the Vedic Sanskrit of the Rigveda: the earliest parts of this text date to c. 1500 BC, [1] while the oldest known manuscripts date to c. 1040 AD. [2] Similarly the oldest Avestan texts, the Gathas , are believed to have been composed before 1000 BC, but the oldest Avestan manuscripts date from the 13th century AD.
Unlike the neighbouring states where early inscriptions were written in Sanskrit and Prakrit, the early inscriptions in Tamil Nadu used Tamil [21]. Tamil has the extant literature amongst the Dravidian languages , but dating the language and the literature precisely is difficult.