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2. Preload (cardiology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preload_(cardiology)

   Heart during ventricular diastole. In cardiac physiology, preload is the amount of sarcomere stretch experienced by cardiac muscle cells, called cardiomyocytes, at the end of ventricular filling during diastole. [1] Preload is directly related to ventricular filling. As the relaxed ventricle fills during diastole, the walls are stretched and ...

3. Myocardial contractility - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_contractility

   Myocardial contractility represents the innate ability of the heart muscle (cardiac muscle or myocardium) to contract. It is the maximum attainable value for the force of contraction of a given heart. The ability to produce changes in force during contraction result from incremental degrees of binding between different types of tissue, that is ...

4. End-diastolic volume - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-diastolic_volume

   End-diastolic volume. In cardiovascular physiology, end-diastolic volume (EDV) is the volume of blood in the right or left ventricle at end of filling in diastole which is amount of blood present in ventricle at the end of diastole. [1] Because greater EDVs cause greater distention of the ventricle, EDV is often used synonymously with preload ...

5. Frank–Starling law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank–Starling_law

   The Frank–Starling law of the heart (also known as Starling's law and the Frank–Starling mechanism) represents the relationship between stroke volume and end diastolic volume. [1] The law states that the stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood in the ventricles, before contraction (the end ...

6. Pressure–volume loop analysis in cardiology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure–volume_loop...

   Stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood ejected by the right/left ventricle in a single contraction. It is the difference between the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and the end-systolic volume (ESV). In mathematical terms, The stroke volume is affected by changes in preload, afterload, and inotropy (contractility).

7. Aortic regurgitation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_regurgitation

   Aortic regurgitation causes both volume overload (elevated preload) and pressure overload (elevated afterload) of the heart. [14] The volume overload, due to elevated pulse pressure and the systemic effects of neuroendocrine hormones causes left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). [9] There is both concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy in AI.

8. Valsalva maneuver - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsalva_maneuver

   With the return of blood pressure, the pulse rate returns to normal. In summary, the maneuver increases intrathoracic pressure and, thus, a decrease in preload to the heart. This decreased preload leads to cardiovascular changes through the baroreflex and other compensatory reflex mechanisms. [3]

9. Stroke volume - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke_volume

   Stroke volume is intrinsically controlled by preload (the degree to which the ventricles are stretched prior to contracting). An increase in the volume or speed of venous return will increase preload and, through the Frank–Starling law of the heart, will increase stroke volume. Decreased venous return has the opposite effect, causing a ...