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2. Barium titanate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_titanate

   Barium titanate is a dielectric ceramic used in capacitors, with dielectric constant values as high as 7,000. Over a narrow temperature range, values as high as 15,000 are possible; most common ceramic and polymer materials are less than 10, while others, such as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), have values between 20 and 70.

3. Relative permittivity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_permittivity

   Relative permittivity is the factor by which the electric field between the charges is decreased relative to vacuum. Likewise, relative permittivity is the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor using that material as a dielectric, compared with a similar capacitor that has vacuum as its dielectric. Relative permittivity is also commonly known ...

4. Ferroelectricity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroelectricity

   The ionic displacement in barium titanate concerns the relative position of the titanium ion within the oxygen octahedral cage. In lead titanate , another key ferroelectric material, although the structure is rather similar to barium titanate the driving force for ferroelectricity is more complex with interactions between the lead and oxygen ...

5. Perovskite (structure) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_(structure)

   2] 2+ ion, occurring every n ABO 3 layers, leading to an overall chemical formula of [Bi 2 O 2]-A (n−1) B 2 O 7. Their oxide ion-conducting properties were first discovered in the 1970s by Takahashi et al., and they have been used for this purpose ever since. [10] Dion−Jacobson phase: the intruding layer is composed of an alkali metal (M ...

6. Calcium copper titanate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_copper_titanate

   Infobox references. Calcium copper titanate (also abbreviated CCTO, for calcium copper titanium oxide) is an inorganic compound with the formula CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12. It is noteworthy for its extremely large dielectric constant (effective relative permittivity) of over 10,000 at room temperature. [1]

7. Dielectric - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric

   In electromagnetism, a dielectric (or dielectric medium) is an electrical insulator that can be polarised by an applied electric field.When a dielectric material is placed in an electric field, electric charges do not flow through the material as they do in an electrical conductor, because they have no loosely bound, or free, electrons that may drift through the material, but instead they ...

8. Clausius–Mossotti relation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausius–Mossotti_relation

   Clausius–Mossotti relation. In electromagnetism, the Clausius–Mossotti relation, named for O. F. Mossotti and Rudolf Clausius, expresses the dielectric constant (relative permittivity, εr) of a material in terms of the atomic polarizability, α, of the material's constituent atoms and/or molecules, or a homogeneous mixture thereof.

9. Piezoelectricity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectricity

   Barium titanate (BaTiO 3) – Barium titanate was the first piezoelectric ceramic discovered. Bismuth titanate (Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12) Sodium bismuth titanate (NaBi(TiO 3) 2) The fabrication of lead-free piezoceramics pose multiple challenges, from an environmental standpoint and their ability to replicate the properties of their lead-based counterparts.