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PLLs may include a divider between the oscillator and the feedback input to the phase detector to produce a frequency synthesizer. A programmable divider is particularly useful in radio transmitter applications and for computer clocking, since a large number of frequencies can be produced from a single stable, accurate, quartz crystal ...
A frequency divider, also called a clock divider or scaler or prescaler, is a circuit that takes an input signal of a frequency, , and generates an output signal of a frequency: where is an integer. Phase-locked loop frequency synthesizers make use of frequency dividers to generate a frequency that is a multiple of a reference frequency.
The frequency resolution, defined as the smallest possible incremental change in frequency, is given by [6] = (2) Equation (1) shows that the phase accumulator can be thought of as a programmable non-integer frequency divider of divide ratio /. [4]
A phase-locked loop (PLL) uses a reference frequency to generate a multiple of that frequency. A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is initially tuned roughly to the range of the desired frequency multiple. The signal from the VCO is divided down using frequency dividers by the multiplication factor. The divided signal and the reference ...
programmable frequency divider/digital timer 16 SN74LS292: 74x293 1 4-bit binary counter (separate divide-by-2 and divide-by-8 sections) 14 SN74LS293: 74x294 1 programmable frequency divider/digital timer 16 SN74LS294: 74x295 1 4-bit bidirectional shift register three-state 14 SN74LS295B: 74x297 1 digital phase-locked loop filter 16 SN74LS297 ...
Frequency synthesizer. A frequency synthesizer is an electronic circuit that generates a range of frequencies from a single reference frequency. Frequency synthesizers are used in devices such as radio receivers, televisions, mobile telephones, radiotelephones, walkie-talkies, CB radios, cable television converter boxes, satellite receivers ...
Programmable clock generators allow the number used in the divider or multiplier to be changed, allowing any of a wide variety of output frequencies to be selected without modifying the hardware. The clock generator in a motherboard is often changed by computer enthusiasts to control the speed of a CPU , FSB , GPU or RAM .
Direct digital synthesis (DDS) is a method employed by frequency synthesizers used for creating arbitrary waveforms from a single, fixed-frequency reference clock. DDS is used in applications such as signal generation, local oscillators in communication systems, function generators, mixers, modulators, [1] sound synthesizers and as part of a ...
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