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The religion is also called Hmongism by a Hmong American church established in 2012 to organize it among Hmong people in the United States. [ 2 ] This practice has a blend of animistic theology, [ 3 ] the respect between people and natural land spirits, and the understanding of the spirituality that are understood by Miao peoples.
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The term Hmong is the English pronunciation of the Hmong's native name. It is a singular and plural noun (e.g., Japanese, French, etc.). Very little is known about the native Hmong name as it is not mentioned in Chinese historical records, since the Han identified the Hmong as Miao.
The first missionaries to Laos were from the Netherlands.At that time, Laos was a French protectorate within French Indochina, governed by King Souligna Vongsa. [1] In 1947, Rev. Ted Andrianoff and his wife sailed from New York to Laos to do missionary work for the Christian and Missionary Alliance. [2]
Many Hmong and non-Hmong people who are learning the Hmong language tend to use the word xim (a borrowing from Thai/Lao) as the word for 'color', while the native Hmong word for 'color' is kob. For example, xim appears in the sentence Liab yog xim ntawm kev phom sij with the meaning "Red is the color of danger / The red color is of danger".
For followers of traditional Hmong spirituality, the shaman, a healing practitioner who acts as an intermediary between the spirit and material world, is the main communicator with the otherworld, able to see why and how someone got sick. The Hmong view healing and sickness as supernatural processes linked to cosmic and local supernatural forces.
Microsoft continues to build out Bing Translator with a new language: Star Trek's Klingon. Now, users can translate between Klingon and the other 41 languages Bing Translator supports. In a ...
[97] As of 2012, Hmong in California are developing a Hmong-English online translator, in collaboration with Microsoft. [98] Research in nursing shows that when translating from English to Hmong, specifically in the healthcare context, the translator must take into account the absence of equivalent concepts because Hmong comes from an oral ...