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The occupation of the Ruhr (German: Ruhrbesetzung) was the period from 11 January 1923 to 25 August 1925 when French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr region of Weimar Republic Germany. The occupation of the heavily industrialized Ruhr district came in response to Germany's repeated defaults on the reparations payments required under the ...
Memorial to the Ruhr uprising in Hagen. On 5 April a large part of the Red Ruhr Army fled to the French occupied zone of the Rhineland. [10] The skirmish that took place in Gelsenkirchen the next day marked the final end of the uprising and of the Red Ruhr Army. [11] The number of insurgents killed has never been accurately determined.
The Ruhr uprising (German: Ruhraufstand), or March uprising (Märzaufstand), was a left-wing workers' revolt in the Ruhr region of Germany in March and April 1920. It was triggered by the call for a general strike in response to the right-wing Kapp Putsch of 13 March 1920 and became an armed rebellion when radical left workers used the strike as an opportunity to attempt the establishment of a ...
1923 – On 10–11 January, the occupation was extended from Duisburg to the rest of the Ruhr (Occupation of the Ruhr). In Duisburg in October, separatists call for independence for the " Rheinische Republik ", but by November their efforts are brought to an end by the occupying troops.
Albert Leo Schlageter (German pronunciation: [ˈalbɛʁt ˈleːo ˈʃlaːɡɛtɐ]; August 12, 1894 – May 26, 1923) was an Imperial German Army officer who served in World War I before joining several Freikorps groups and carrying out acts of sabotage against French occupational forces in the Ruhr. Schlageter was arrested by French forces for ...
For most Germans, the French occupation of the Ruhr was a sufficiently "heinous crime against the peace" that there was no need to embellish it with "black horror" stories. [131] At the same time, the last American occupation troops had been withdrawn from the Rhineland in January 1923, which meant that courting American public opinion was less ...
A group of a few hundred Black Reichswehr men led by Bruno Buchrucker attempted a coup on 1 October 1923. It centred around the fortress at Küstrin, on the Elbe river in Brandenburg, and at Spandau in Berlin, and was a reaction to the government's decision to end passive resistance against the French and Belgian occupation of the Ruhr ...
This article lists and summarizes the war crimes that have violated the laws and customs of war since the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907.. Since many war crimes are not prosecuted (due to lack of political will, lack of effective procedures, or other practical and political reasons), [1] [better source needed] historians and lawyers will frequently make a serious case in order to prove ...