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  2. Dynamic scraped surface heat exchanger - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_scraped_surface...

    A Study of Scraped-Surface Heat Exchanger in Ice-Making Applications, M. Sc. Thesis. University of Toronto. "Scraped surface heat exchangers project webpage". Smith Institute. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Tähti, T. (2004). Suspension Melt Crystallization in Tubular and Scraped Surface Heat Exchangers, Ph. D. Thesis. Martin-Luther ...

  3. Heat exchanger - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_exchanger

    Another type of heat exchanger is called "(dynamic) scraped surface heat exchanger". This is mainly used for heating or cooling with high-viscosity products, crystallization processes, evaporation and high-fouling applications. Long running times are achieved due to the continuous scraping of the surface, thus avoiding fouling and achieving a ...

  4. File:Spiral-heat-exchanger-schematic-workaround.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spiral-heat-exchanger...

    Remove this file once wikimedia's servers start rendering mid-marks and dashed strokes correctly. Schematic of a spiral heat exchanger cross-section. The hot medium 1 warms the cold medium 2 flowing in the opposite direction (and, respectively, medium 2 cools medium 1 down)

  5. Thermodynamic diagrams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_diagrams

    Thermodynamic diagrams are diagrams used to represent the thermodynamic states of a material (typically fluid) and the consequences of manipulating this material. For instance, a temperature– entropy diagram ( T–s diagram ) may be used to demonstrate the behavior of a fluid as it is changed by a compressor.

  6. NTU method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTU_Method

    describes heat transfer across a surface = Here, is the overall heat transfer coefficient, is the total heat transfer area, and is the minimum heat capacity rate. To better understand where this definition of NTU comes from, consider the following heat transfer energy balance, which is an extension of the energy balance above:

  7. Plate heat exchanger - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_heat_exchanger

    The total rate of heat transfer between the hot and cold fluids passing through a plate heat exchanger may be expressed as: Q = UA∆Tm where U is the Overall heat transfer coefficient, A is the total plate area, and ∆Tm is the Log mean temperature difference. U is dependent upon the heat transfer coefficients in the hot and cold streams. [2]

  8. Temperature–entropy diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature–entropy_diagram

    In thermodynamics, a temperature–entropy (T–s) diagram is a thermodynamic diagram used to visualize changes to temperature (T ) and specific entropy (s) during a thermodynamic process or cycle as the graph of a curve. It is a useful and common tool, particularly because it helps to visualize the heat transfer during a process.

  9. Pinch analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinch_analysis

    Temperature vs. heat load diagram of hot stream (H 2 O entering at 20 bar, 473.15 K, and 4 kg/s) and cold stream (R-11 entering at 18 bar, 303.15 K, and 5 kg/s) in a counter-flow heat exchanger. "Pinch" is the point of closest approach between the hot and cold streams in the T vs. H diagram.