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The Blackmar–Diemer Gambit arose as a development of the earlier Blackmar Gambit, named after Armand Blackmar, a relatively little-known New Orleans player of the late 19th century who popularized its characteristic moves (1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.f3) and was the first player to publish analysis of the opening. [2]
Blackmar Gambit – D00 – 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.f3 [1] Blackmar–Diemer Gambit – D00 – 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.f3 – also 1.d4 d5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.e4 dxe4 4.f3 [1] Lemberger Countergambit – D00 – 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 e5 [41] Rasa-Studier Gambit – D00 – 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Be3 [42]
Diemer played many unorthodox openings, like the Diemer–Duhm Gambit (1.d4 d5 2.e4 e6 3.c4) and the Alapin–Diemer Gambit (1.d4 e6 2.e4 d5 3.Be3), but is most famous for his refinements to an old idea by Armand Edward Blackmar (1. d4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. f3), commonly known as the Blackmar–Diemer Gambit (1. d4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. f3).
Benko Gambit; Benoni Defense; Berlin Defence; Bird's Opening; Bishop's Gambit; Bishop's Opening; Black Knights' Tango; Blackburne Shilling Gambit; Blackmar–Diemer Gambit; Blumenfeld Countergambit; Bogo-Indian Defence; Bongcloud Attack; Budapest Gambit
Blackmar–Diemer Gambit – 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 – named after Armand Blackmar and Emil Josef Diemer [7] Blumenfeld Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nf3 b5 – named after Benjamin Blumenfeld [7] Boden–Kieseritzky Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Bc4 Nf6 3.Nf3 Nxe4 4.Nc3 – named after Samuel Boden and Lionel Kieseritzky
The Blackmar–Diemer Gambit, 1...d5 2.e4, and the Hübsch Gambit 1...Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.e4; The Nimzo-Indian Defence, 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4; In the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO), Closed Games (1.d4 d5) are classified under codes D00–D69. Openings where Black does not play 1...d5 are called Semi-Closed Games and classified as:
Karlsruhe Variation of the Blackmar-Diemer Gambit - 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.f3 g6; Kazakh Variation of the King's Indian – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 0-0 6.Be2 Na6; Kecskemet Variation of the Ruy Lopez –1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.c3 0-0 8.d4 Bd7 9.Nbd2 Be8
A gambit employed by Black may also be named a gambit, e.g. the Latvian Gambit (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 f5), or Englund Gambit (1.d4 e5); but is sometimes named a "countergambit", e.g. the Albin Countergambit (1.d4 d5 2.c4 e5) and Greco Countergambit (the original name for the Latvian Gambit).