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Within economics, margin is a concept used to describe the current level of consumption or production of a good or service. [1] Margin also encompasses various concepts within economics, denoted as marginal concepts , which are used to explain the specific change in the quantity of goods and services produced and consumed.
A Calvo contract is the name given in macroeconomics to the pricing model that when a firm sets a nominal price there is a constant probability that a firm might be able to reset its price which is independent of the time since the price was last reset.
Welfare economics is a branch of economics that uses microeconomic techniques to evaluate economic well-being, especially relative to competitive general equilibrium, with a focus on economic efficiency and income distribution. [13] In general usage, including by economists outside the above context, welfare refers to a form of transfer payment ...
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
The location of the margin for any individual corresponds to his or her endowment, broadly conceived to include opportunities. This endowment is determined by many things including physical laws (which constrain how forms of energy and matter may be transformed), accidents of nature (which determine the presence of natural resources), and the ...
These uses of the term “marginal” are especially common in economics, and result from conceptualizing constraints as borders or as margins. [1] The sorts of marginal values most common to economic analysis are those associated with unit changes of resources and, in mainstream economics, those associated with infinitesimal changes.
Marginalism is a theory of economics that attempts to explain the discrepancy in the value of goods and services by reference to their secondary, or marginal, utility. It states that the reason why the price of diamonds is higher than that of water, for example, owes to the greater additional satisfaction of the diamonds over the water.
Margin (typography), the white space that surrounds the content of a page; Continental margin, the zone of the ocean floor that separates the thin oceanic crust from thick continental crust; Leaf margin, the edge of a leaf; Resection margin, the tissue near a tumor that is removed to ensure that no cancer cells are left behind