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Laodicea is situated on the long spur of a hill between the narrow valleys of the small rivers Asopus and Caprus, which discharge their waters into the Lycus. It lay on a major trade route [4] and in its neighbourhood were many important ancient cities; it was 17 km west of Colossae, 10 km south of Hierapolis. [5] and 160 km east of Ephesus.
Colossae was located in Phrygia, in Asia Minor. [2] It was located 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Laodicea on the road through the Lycus Valley near the Lycus River at the foot of Mt. Cadmus, the highest mountain in Turkey's western Aegean Region, and between the cities Sardeis and Celaenae, and southeast of the ancient city of Hierapolis.
The Christian community in Laodicea seems to have been closely connected with that of nearby Colossae (also in the Lycus valley, 10 miles (16 km) distant). [1] [2] Laodicea is mentioned four times in the New Testament's epistle to the Colossians (Col. 2:1; 4:13,15,16).
The tree has since gone on to become one of the oldest organisms in the world at what National Geographic projected to be 13,000 years old. Other estimates clock the self-cloning tree as up to ...
The good news for the milkvetch plant is that they usually need wildfire to sprout — meaning dormant seeds now have a massive new habitat for a new crop of the rare shrub.
The Lycus valley was never much inhabited in the Byzantine period, but it was a favored place for the settlement of Greek Orthodox monasteries: [9] famous were those of Dios and Ikasia (or Cassia), Cocorobion and Lips. [6] In 450, while hunting in the valley near Constantinople, Emperor Theodosius II (r. 402–450) fell from his horse and died ...
California's oldest tree, a Palmer's oak thought to be 13,000 to 18,000 years old, may be threatened by a proposed development, environmentalists say.
Of California's total plant population, 2,153 species, subspecies, and varieties are endemic and native to California alone, according to the 1993 Jepson Manual study. [4] This botanical diversity stems not only from the size of the state, but also its diverse topographies , climates, and soils (e.g. serpentine outcrops ).