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For example, the fourth generation of cephalosporins is not recognized as such in Japan. [citation needed] In Japan, cefaclor is classed as a first-generation cephalosporin, though in the United States it is a second-generation one; and cefbuperazone, cefminox, and cefotetan are classed as second-generation cephalosporins.
the basic structure of 2nd generation cephalosporins. Early second generation cephalosporins are very similar in basic structure to the first generation. Loracarbef however does not have the normal dihydrothiazine ring but is a carbacephem that has a carbon atom in the ring instead of a sulfur atom making it a tetrahydropyridine ring.
Cefprozil is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. [1] Originally discovered in 1983, and approved in 1992, [2] it was sold under the tradename Cefzil by Bristol Meyers Squibb until 2010 when the brand name version was discontinued. [3] It continues to be available from various companies in its generic form. [4]
Cefaclor, sold under the trade name Ceclor among others, is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections such as pneumonia and infections of the ear, lung, skin, throat, and urinary tract. It is also available from other manufacturers as a generic.
Cefoxitin is a second-generation cephamycin antibiotic developed by Merck & Co., Inc. from Cephamycin C in the year following its discovery, 1972. It was synthesized in order to create an antibiotic with a broader spectrum. [4] It is often grouped with the second-generation cephalosporins. [5]
Cefuroxime, sold under the brand name Zinacef among others, is a second-generation cephalosporin [3] antibiotic used to treat and prevent a number of bacterial infections. [4] These include pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis, urinary tract infections, and Lyme disease. [5] It is used by mouth or by injection into a vein or muscle. [5]
Cefuroxime axetil, sold under the brand name Ceftin among others, is a second generation oral cephalosporin antibiotic. It is an acetoxyethyl ester prodrug of cefuroxime which is effective orally. [2] The activity depends on in vivo hydrolysis and release of cefuroxime tablets. [citation needed] It was patented in 1976 and approved for medical ...
Cefamandole (INN, also known as cephamandole) is a second-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. The clinically used form of cefamandole is the formate ester cefamandole nafate, a prodrug which is administered parenterally. Cefamandole is no longer available in the United States.