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An alpha privative or, rarely, [1] privative a (from Latin alpha prīvātīvum, from Ancient Greek α στερητικόν) is the prefix a-or an-(before vowels) that is used in Indo-European languages such as Sanskrit and Greek and in words borrowed therefrom to express negation or absence, for example the English words of Greek origin atypical, anesthetic, and analgesic.
Brain opioid peptide systems are known to play an important role in motivation, emotion, attachment behaviour, the response to stress and pain, control of food intake, and the rewarding effects of alcohol and nicotine. Opioid-like peptides may also be absorbed from partially digested food (casomorphins, exorphins, and rubiscolins).
a-, called alpha privative, from Ancient Greek ἀ-, ἀν-, from Proto-Hellenic *ə-; e.g. apathetic, abiogenesis. These all stem from a PIE syllabic nasal privative *n̥-, the zero ablaut grade of the negation *ne, i.e. "n" used as a vowel, as in some English pronunciations of "button". This is the source of the 'n' in 'an-' privative ...
not, without (alpha privative) Greek ἀ-/ἀν-(a-/an-), not, without analgesic, apathy, anencephaly: ab-from; away from Latin abduction, abdomen: abdomin-of or relating to the abdomen: Latin abdōmen, abdomen, fat around the belly abdomen, abdominal -ac: pertaining to; one afflicted with Greek -ακός (-akós) cardiac, celiac: acanth-thorn ...
Auto-brewery syndrome (ABS) (also known as gut fermentation syndrome, endogenous ethanol fermentation or drunkenness disease) is a condition characterized by the fermentation of ingested carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal tract of the body caused by bacteria or fungi. [1]
However, alcohol is a significant source of food energy for individuals with alcoholism and those who engage in binge drinking; For example, individuals with drunkorexia, engage in the combination of self-imposed malnutrition and binge drinking to avoid weight gain from alcohol, to save money for purchasing alcohol, [44] and to facilitate ...
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide, and lipid modulator. [2]A main target of PEA is proposed to be the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α).
The enkephalins are termed endogenous ligands, as they are internally derived (and therefore endogenous) and bind as ligands to the body's opioid receptors. Discovered in 1975, two forms of enkephalin have been found, one containing leucine ("leu"), and the other containing methionine ("met").