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Trigeminal neuralgia (TN or TGN), also called Fothergill disease, tic douloureux, trifacial neuralgia, or suicide disease, is a long-term pain disorder that affects the trigeminal nerve, [7] [1] the nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.
The character of the pain is usually dull or aching, poorly localized, [6] and intermittent, although it can sometimes be constant. The pain is more usually unilateral (located on one side) rather than bilateral. [20] It is rarely severe. [25] Limited range of mandibular movement, [2] which may cause difficulty eating or even talking.
The earliest cited instance of the term [11] is the French, névralgie, which, according to Rowland, [12] was coined by François Chaussier in his 1801 Table Synoptique de la Névralgie, for "...an affection of one or more nerves causing pain which is usually of an intermittent but frequently intense character". [13]
The pain pathway is mostly transmitted via myelinated Aδ (sharp or stabbing pain) and unmyelinated C nerve fibers (slow, dull, aching, or burning pain) of the trigeminal nerve, which supplies sensation to the teeth and gums via many divisions and branches. [18] Initially, pain is felt while noxious stimuli are applied (such as cold).
Cluster-like head pain may be diagnosed as secondary headache rather than cluster headache. [21] A detailed oral history aids practitioners in correct differential diagnosis, as there are no confirmatory tests for cluster headache. A headache diary can be useful in tracking when and where pain occurs, how severe it is, and how long the pain lasts.
Often, patients can only recognize their prodrome symptoms when they get to the pain phase and look back, Singh says. During a prodrome period, the Mayo Clinic and American Migraine Foundation say ...
Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS) is an illness characterized by notable pain intensity without an identifiable physical cause. [1] [6] Characteristic symptoms include skin sensitivity to light touch, also known as allodynia. Associated symptoms may include changes associated with disuse including changes in skin texture, color ...
Central pain syndrome, also known as central neuropathic pain, [1] is a neurological condition consisting of constant moderate to severe pain due to damage to the central nervous system (CNS) which causes a sensitization of the pain system. [2] [3] The extent of pain and the areas affected are related to the cause of the injury. [4]