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Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) is an online service provided by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to allow users to see the prosecution histories of United States patents and patent applications and obtain copies of documents filed therein. There are two services: Public PAIR, which allows the general public to ...
The USPTO web site provides free electronic copies of issued patents and patent applications as multiple-page TIFF (graphic) documents. The site also provides Boolean search and analysis tools. [99] The USPTO's free distribution service only distributes the patent documents as a set of TIFF files. [100]
For example, Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) was set up in 2006, in order to avoid the duplication of search and examination work. Also, several national patent offices, including USPTO, implemented programs for prioritized examination of patent applications in narrow categories or for patents applied by small firms.
The Global Dossier is an online public service launched in June 2014 by the five "IP5" offices, i.e. the European Patent Office (EPO), the Japan Patent Office (JPO), the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO), China's National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) and the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), to offer an integrated access to the respective "file wrappers", free of ...
Patexia provides a free online search engine capable of searching patents and patent litigation by patent number, company, or keyword; an online news aggregator on innovation and IP topics; a contest platform with prizes for crowdsourced patent research; and a freelance marketplace to connect its subject-matter experts to businesses for direct ...
Applications must be in PDF format. Users who have registered could also file follow-on documents and/or fees for previously filed applications, and pre-grant publications. After filing via EFS, users were sent an electronic receipt that acknowledges the submission date. Submissions are available for viewing on Private PAIR within hours of ...
Lost profits are determined by a "but for" analysis (e.g. "My client would have made X dollars in profit but for the infringement of the client's patent.") If an infringer is found to have deliberately infringed a patent (i.e., "willful" infringement), then "enhanced" damages can be awarded of up to three times the damages found or assessed.
In 2004, i.e. in the early years of Espacenet, Nancy Lambert considered that, although free, Espacenet, like the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) database of US patents, "still tend[ed] to have primitive search engines and in some cases rather cumbersome mechanisms to download patents."