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Mathematically, a scalar field on a region U is a real or complex-valued function or distribution on U. [1] [2] The region U may be a set in some Euclidean space, Minkowski space, or more generally a subset of a manifold, and it is typical in mathematics to impose further conditions on the field, such that it be continuous or often continuously differentiable to some order.
A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space.In linear algebra, real numbers or generally elements of a field are called scalars and relate to vectors in an associated vector space through the operation of scalar multiplication (defined in the vector space), in which a vector can be multiplied by a scalar in the defined way to produce another vector.
The space of solutions is the affine subspace x + V where x is a particular solution of the equation, and V is the space of solutions of the homogeneous equation (the nullspace of A). The set of one-dimensional subspaces of a fixed finite-dimensional vector space V is known as projective space ; it may be used to formalize the idea of parallel ...
Scalar multiplication of a vector by a factor of 3 stretches the vector out. The scalar multiplications −a and 2a of a vector a. In mathematics, scalar multiplication is one of the basic operations defining a vector space in linear algebra [1] [2] [3] (or more generally, a module in abstract algebra [4] [5]).
A scalar in physics and other areas of science is also a scalar in mathematics, as an element of a mathematical field used to define a vector space.For example, the magnitude (or length) of an electric field vector is calculated as the square root of its absolute square (the inner product of the electric field with itself); so, the inner product's result is an element of the mathematical field ...
In mathematics, restriction of scalars (also known as "Weil restriction") is a functor which, for any finite extension of fields L/k and any algebraic variety X over L, produces another variety Res L/k X, defined over k. It is useful for reducing questions about varieties over large fields to questions about more complicated varieties over ...
In mathematics and physics, multiple-scale analysis (also called the method of multiple scales) comprises techniques used to construct uniformly valid approximations to the solutions of perturbation problems, both for small as well as large values of the independent variables. This is done by introducing fast-scale and slow-scale variables for ...
Scalar may refer to: Scalar (mathematics) , an element of a field, which is used to define a vector space, usually the field of real numbers Scalar (physics) , a physical quantity that can be described by a single element of a number field such as a real number